枯草芽胞杆菌Z-14菌株芽孢制剂和酷拉斯复配对小麦纹枯病的防治  

Control of Wheat Sharp Eyespot by Combination of Bacillus subtilis Z-14 Spore Preparation and Kuras

作　　者：张敬敬 汪敏 赵港伊 卞寅博 刘娜[1] 张冬冬[1] 侯春燕[1] 韩胜芳[1] 王冬梅[1] ZHANG Jing-Jing;WANG Min;ZHAO Gang-Yi;BIAN Yin-Bo;LIU Na;ZHANG Dong-Dong;HOU Chun-Yan;HAN Sheng-Fang;WANG Dong-Mei(State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology/College of Life Sciences,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室/河北省植物生理与分子病理学重点实验室/河北农业大学生命科学学院,保定071001

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2023年第1期146-155,共10页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(206Z6502G);河北省重点研发计划项目(21326509D)。

摘　　要：近年来,小麦纹枯病(wheat sharp eyespot)的发生呈逐年加重趋势,严重影响粮食安全。生产上对小麦(Triticum aestivum)病害的防治主要依赖于化学农药,但是化学防治存在诸多问题。本研究分别应用平板拮抗实验、毒力测定、相容性测定等方法初步分析了枯草芽胞杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)Z-14菌株发酵液对小麦纹枯菌(Rhizoctonia cerealis)菌丝生长的抑制效果、农药酷拉斯对纹枯菌的毒力以及酷拉斯与Z-14菌株间的相容性,在此基础上进一步研究了Z-14菌株的芽孢制剂(8.5×107 CFU/mL)与农药酷拉斯联合拌种对小麦纹枯病的防治效果。结果表明,酷拉斯对小麦纹枯菌具有较高的毒力,其抑制纹枯病菌菌丝生长的平均半最大效应浓度(concentration for 50%of maximal effect,EC50)值为0.035μg/mL;在该浓度下酷拉斯对Z-14菌株的菌体生长无明显的抑制作用,两者具有较好的相容性;Z-14菌株的发酵液对小麦纹枯病菌菌丝生长抑制率为86.57%。在温室条件下,Z-14菌株的芽孢制剂和酷拉斯联合拌种,在小麦苗期对纹枯病的防效为46.12%,显著高于二者同剂量单独处理;二者联合使用对小麦的根长、株高、茎粗还具有一定促生长作用。因此使用生物制剂防治小麦病害是有效的,对于推动绿色农业发展具有重要意义。In recent years,the occurrence of wheat sharp eyespot has been increasing year by year,seriously affects food security.The prevention and control of wheat(Triticum aestivum)diseases in production mainly relies on chemical pesticides,but chemical control has many problems.In this paper,plate antagonism test,virulence assay and compatibility assay were used to preliminarily analyze the inhibition effect of fermentation broth of Bacillus subtilis Z-14 strain on the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia cerealis,the virulence of pesticide Kuras on Rhizoctonia cerealis and the compatibility between Kuras and Z-14 strain.On this basis,the spore preparation of strain Z-14(8.5×10~7 CFU/mL)combined with pesticide Kuras seed dressing on wheat sharp blight control was studied.The results showed that Kuras had high virulence against Rhizoctonia cerealis,and its average concentration for 50%of maximal effect(EC50)value of inhibiting the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia cerealis was 0.035μg/mL;At this concentration,there was no obvious inhibition on the growth of Z-14 bacteria,and it had good compatibility;The inhibition rate of Z-14 fermentation liquid on mycelia growth of wheat sharp eyespot was 86.57%.In greenhouse,the combined seed dressing of Z-14 spore preparation and Kuras had a control effect of 46.12%against sharp blight at the jointing stage of wheat,which was significantly higher than that of the single component.The combined use also promoted growth indicators such as root length,plant height,and stem thickness.Therefore,the use of biological agents to control wheat diseases is effective,it is of great significance for promoting the green development of agriculture.

关 键 词：枯草芽胞杆菌Z-14 酷拉斯 小麦纹枯病 生物防治 

分 类 号：S435.121.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S512.11[农业科学—植物保护]