废磷酸铁锂电池回收制备磷酸锂  

Preparation of lithium phosphate by recycling of spent lithium iron phosphate batteries

作　　者：鲁琦 何佰玫[1,2] 郑明宇 王建波 陈海焱[1,2] Lu Qi;He Baimei;Zheng Mingyu;Wang Jianbo;Chen Haiyan(College of Environment and Resources,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang Sichuan 621000,China;Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Chemistry,Ministry of Education,Mianyang Sichuan 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川绵阳621000 [2]固体废物处理与资源化教育部重点实验室,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《化工矿物与加工》2023年第2期54-60,共7页Industrial Minerals & Processing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21808190)。

摘　　要：为探索废磷酸铁锂电池中锂的高效、短流程回收工艺,以磷酸-过氧化氢体系浸出废磷酸铁锂电池粉末获得的锂富集液为原料,分别采用P-204-磺化煤油溶液体系和氢氧化锂进行萃取和水解净化,考查了不同因素对杂质铜、铁、铝去除率的影响规律,确定了最佳除杂条件,并将净化后的锂富集液蒸发浓缩制得磷酸锂,对其进行了表征分析,结果表明:最佳净化除杂条件为溶液pH=6、反应温度20℃,在此条件下采用质量浓度为0.1 g/mL的氢氧化锂水解除杂30 min,杂质铝、铁、铜的去除率分别为100%、100%、82.61%,锂的损失率为53.54%,蒸发浓缩所得的磷酸锂粉体颗粒呈规整的片状结构,锂总回收率高于45%。该工艺流程简短,化学试剂用量少,成本低,实现了废磷酸铁锂电池的绿色高效回收。In order to study the efficient and short process for lithium recovery from spent lithium iron phosphate batteries,using the lithium-enriched solution obtained from leaching the spent battery powder with phosphoric acid-hydrogen peroxide system as raw material,extraction and hydrolyzing purification were carried out with P-204-sulfo-nated kerosene solution system and lithium hydroxide,respectively.The influence of different factors on the removal rate of impurities like copper,iron and aluminum was examined and the optimal removal conditions for removal was determined,and then the purified lithium-enriched solution was evaporated and concentrated to produce lithium phosphate which was characterized and analyzed.The results show that the optimum conditions for purification and remo-val of impurities were defined at pH 6,temperature of 20℃,hydrolysis with 0.1 g/mL lithium hydroxide lasted for 30 min,the removal rate of impurities was 100%Al,100%Fe,82.61%Cu with the loss of 53.54%Li.Lithium phosphate product from the evaporation and concentration exhibited fine particles and regular sheet.As a result,the total recovery of lithium was 45%.The process presents simple circuit,low chemical reagent consumption and low operation cost,and makes green and efficient recovery of spent lithium iron phosphate come true.

关 键 词：废磷酸铁锂电池 浸出 萃取 净化除杂 磷酸锂 废旧电池 氢氧化锂 去除率 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]