野牛草雌雄株对不同形态氮素的生理响应差异  

Physiological responses of female and male Buchloe dactyloides plants to different nitrogen forms

作　　者：郭丽珠 孟慧珍 范希峰[1] 滕珂 滕文军[1] 温海峰[1] 岳跃森[1] 张辉[1] 武菊英[1] GUO Li-zhu;MENG Hui-zhen;FAN Xi-feng;TENG Ke;TENG Wen-jun;WEN Hai-feng;YUE Yue-sen;ZHANG Hui;WU Ju-ying(Institute of Grassland,Flowers and Ecology,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;College of Life Science,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院草业花卉与景观生态研究所,北京100097 [2]西北大学生命科学学院,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《草业学报》2023年第2期65-74,共10页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20210431);北京市农林科学院博士后科研基金(2020-ZZ-007);北京市农林科学院基金项目(CZZJ202210)资助。

摘　　要：为揭示野牛草雌雄株对氮素形态的偏好及生理响应差异,以野牛草克隆分株为材料,采用温室砂培盆栽方法,分析了硝态氮(N_(1))、铵态氮(N_(2))、铵硝混合态氮(N_(3))和对照(CK)处理对野牛草雌、雄株生长性状、生物量、叶绿素含量、叶片氮含量及氮代谢相关酶活性的影响。结果表明,雌株在N_(2)处理时其生长性状、各部位生物量及地上生物量和总生物量均显著小于N_(1)和CK,且还小于N_(3)处理,表明铵态氮处理可能抑制野牛草雌株生长。N_(1)处理下的雄株间隔子长度、间隔子直径与CK无显著差异但显著大于N_(2)和N_(3),同时其匍匐茎节数、匍匐茎长度、根生物量、地上生物量及总生物量显著大于其他处理。野牛草雌、雄株的叶绿素a含量和叶绿素总含量均在N_(1)处理时显著高于对照,但雌株在3种N形态处理之间没有显著差异、而雄株在N_(1)时与N_(2)或N_(3)处理差异显著。野牛草雌株的叶氮含量、3种氮代谢相关酶活性均在N_(3)处理时显著大于其他处理,而雄株在N_(1)处理表现较好。综上,野牛草雌、雄株的生长均偏喜硝态氮,然而雌株对唯一氮源—铵态氮作用敏感且生长受抑,但是铵硝混合态氮能够缓解甚至提高雌株的N代谢生理功能,而雄株无此表现。野牛草雌、雄株对不同形态氮素的响应存在显著差异,这为野牛草雌雄株的差异氮肥管理提供了理论依据和技术途径。The aim of this study was to explore the preference and responses of female and male buffalograss(Buchloe dactyloides)to different nitrogen forms,and provide technical data for optimal management of nitrogen fertilizer for B.dactyloides.Thus we investigated the effects of NO_(3)^(-)-N(N_(1)),NH_(4)^(+)-N(N_(2)),NO_(3)^(-)-N∶NH_(4)^(+)-N=1∶1(N_(3))and a zero nitrogen treatment(CK)on growth traits,biomass,chlorophyll content,leaf nitrogen content and enzymes related to nitrogen metabolism of female and male buffalograss ramets in a glasshouse sand culture experiment.It was found that growth traits,biomass of different parts,aboveground biomass and total biomass of female buffalograss were significantly lower under the N_(2)treatment than under N_(1)and CK,with the result for N_(3)being intermediate between N_(1)and N_(2)treatment,indicating that treatment with NH_(4)^(+)-N alone may inhibit the growth of female buffalograss.Meanwhile,there was no significant difference between the N_(1)treatment and CK in spacer length and diameter of male buffolagrass plants,but values for the N_(1)treatment were significantly greater than those under N_(2)and N_(3)treatments.Additionally,stolon node number,stolon length,root biomass,aboveground biomass and total biomass of male buffalograss were significantly greater under N_(1)than other treatments.Chlorophyll Acontent and total chlorophyll content of female and male buffolagrass were greater under the NO_(3)^(-)-N treatment than CK.However,there was no significant difference between the three N-form treatments for female buffalograss,but male buffalograss under the N_(1)treatment differed significantly from N_(2)and N_(3)treatments.In the NH_(4)NO_(3)treatment,leaf nitrogen content and three nitrogen metabolism related enzymes activities of female buffalograss were the highest,however,those of male buffalograss were highest under the N_(1)treatment.These results indicate that both female and male buffalograss plants prefer nitrate nitrogen;female buffalograss plants were fo

关 键 词：野牛草 雌雄株 氮素形态 生物量分配 氮代谢相关酶 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]