饲粮添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸对育成期梅花鹿生长性能、营养物质表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of dietary rumen-protected cysteine on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and serum biochemical indexes of sika deer during weight gain

作　　者：杨乾龙 魏倩倩 赵德辉 郭肖兰 张铁涛[1] 王晓旭[1] 鲍坤[1] 王凯英[1] YANG Qian-long;WEI Qian-qian;ZHAO De-hui;GUO Xiao-lan;ZHANG Tie-tao;WANG Xiao-xu;BAO Kun;WANG Kai-ying(Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130112,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,Qinhuangdao 066004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,吉林长春130112 [2]河北科技师范学院动物科技学院,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《草业学报》2023年第2期148-159,共12页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-ISAPS);创新工程专项计划(2060302-21-2021101);吉林省科技攻关计划(20170204041NY)资助。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸对育成期梅花鹿生长性能、营养物质表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响。采用单因素随机区组试验设计,将12头7月龄雄性梅花鹿仔鹿分为4组(每组3个重复,每个重复1只),组间体重差异不显著。对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂额外添加1.25(Ⅱ组)、2.50(Ⅲ组)和5.00 g·kg^(-1)(Ⅳ组)过瘤胃半胱氨酸(有效成分51.70%)的试验饲粮。试验预饲期15 d,正试期112 d。结果表明,1)与Ⅰ组相比,添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸Ⅲ组总增重和平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),Ⅲ组料重比显著降低(P<0.05);2)与Ⅰ组相比,添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸各组粗蛋白质、钙和磷表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05),Ⅲ组干物质和有机物表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05);3)与Ⅰ组相比,添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组甘氨酸表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05),各组半胱氨酸、蛋氨酸、丝氨酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、精氨酸、苯丙氨酸、组氨酸、天冬氨酸、酪氨酸、谷氨酸、丙氨酸和脯氨酸表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05);4)与Ⅰ组相比,添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸Ⅲ组总蛋白含量显著提高(P<0.05);5)与Ⅰ组相比,添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸Ⅲ组过氧化氢酶活力显著提高(P<0.05),各组丙二醛含量显著降低(P<0.05);6)与Ⅰ组相比,添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸Ⅲ组血清半胱氨酸浓度显著降低(P<0.05),Ⅲ组血清牛磺酸、丝氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸浓度显著提高(P<0.05)。饲粮中添加过瘤胃半胱氨酸显著提高育成期梅花鹿总增重和平均日增重,显著降低料重比,显著提高粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、钙、磷、有机物、干物质和氨基酸表观消化率,显著提高血清总蛋白含量和机体抗氧化功能,显著提高血清牛磺酸、丝氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸浓度,显著降低血清半胱氨酸浓度。本试验条件下过瘤胃半胱氨酸适宜添加量为2.50 g·This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary rumen-protected cysteine(RPCys)on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and serum indexes of sika deer during weight gain.A single factor experimental design was adopted.Twelve 7-month-old healthy sika deer were divided into 4 groups with 3replicates per group and 1 deer per replicate.There was no significant difference in body weight between groups(33.63±0.73 kg)at the start of the experiment.The control group(Group Ⅰ)was fed a basal diet,and the experimental groups were the fed basal diet supplemented with RPCys(active ingredient 51.70%)at 1.25(Group Ⅱ),2.50(Group Ⅲ)and 5.00 g·kg^(-1)(Group Ⅳ).Following a pre-trial period of 15 days,the trial period lasted for 112 days.It was found that,compared to GroupⅠ:1)Dietary RPCys significantly increased total weight gain and average daily gain of Group Ⅲ(P<0.05)and significantly increased the feed conversion efficiency in this group(P<0.05).2)Dietary RPCys significantly increased the apparent digestibility of crude protein,calcium and phosphorus of all groups(P<0.05),and significantly increased the apparent digestibility of dry matter and organic matter of Group Ⅲ(P<0.05).3)Dietary RPCys significantly increased the apparent digestibility of glycine in Group Ⅱ and Group Ⅲ(P<0.05),and significantly increased the apparent digestibility of cysteine,methionine,serine,lysine,threonine,valine,isoleucine,leucine,arginine,phenylalanine,histidine,aspartic acid,tyrosine,glutamate,alanine and proline of all groups(P<0.05).4)Dietary RPCys significantly increased the total protein content in Group Ⅲ(P<0.05).5)Dietary RPCys significantly increased the catalase activity in Group Ⅲ(P<0.05),and significantly reduced the malondialdehyde content of all groups(P<0.05).6)Dietary RPCys significantly reduced serum cysteine concentration of Group Ⅲ(P<0.05),and significantly increased concentration of taurine,serine,aspartic acid and glutamic acid of Group Ⅲ(P<0.05).In summary,dietary RPCys sig

关 键 词：过瘤胃半胱氨酸 梅花鹿 生长性能 营养物质表观消化率 血清生化指标 

分 类 号：S825.5[农业科学—畜牧学]