高温焙烧法处理铝电解废旧阴极炭块  

Treatment of Aluminum Electrolytic Spent Carbon Cathode via High-temperature Roasting

作　　者：周流舟 陈毅[1] 李历棋 张恭文 罗国超 姚桢[1,2] ZHOU Liu-zhou;CHEN Yi;LI Li-qi;ZHANG Gong-wen;LUO Guo-chao;YAO Zhen(School of Materials and Architectural Engineering,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Engineering Research Center for Carbon Materials Aluminum Electrolysis,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学材料与建筑工程学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省铝电解炭素材料工程技术研究中心,贵阳550025

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2023年第2期111-116,共6页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：贵州省科学技术基金(黔科合基础-ZK[2022]一般321);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2020]4Y036号);贵州省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202110663038)。

摘　　要：废旧阴极炭块的无害化与资源化已成为制约铝电解行业绿色可持续发展的资源环境难题。利用高温焙烧法处理废旧阴极炭块,基于不同粒度废旧阴极炭块的工业成分和浸出毒性,探索骨料粒度和焙烧温度对高温焙烧处理效果的影响。结果表明,随着骨料粒度的增大和焙烧温度的提高,回收炭材料碳含量逐渐提高,可溶性氟化物含量大幅降低。在最佳高温焙烧参数下,回收炭材料的碳含量由65.21%提高至94.52%,F-浸出浓度由4018.55 mg L降至7.63 mg L。同时利用化学沉淀法对气态冷凝产物进行固化处理,提取高纯度的CaF 2产品,避免高浓度含氟烟气二次污染。通过高温焙烧法处理铝电解废旧阴极炭块具备技术可行性。The harmless resource utilization of spent carbon cathodes has become an environmental problem restricting the green and sustainable development of aluminum industry.Based on the industrial composition and leaching toxicity of spent carbon cathodes with different aggregate particle sizes,effects of aggregate particle size and roasting temperature on high-temperature roasting treatment of spent carbon cathodes were explored.The results show that with the increase of aggregate particle size and roasting temperature,the carbon content of recovered carbon material rises continuously and soluble fluoride content drops greatly.Under the optimal high-temperature roasting parameters,carbon content of the recovered carbon material rises from 65.21%to 94.52%,and the fluorine ion concentration drops from 4018.55 mg L to 7.63 mg L.Meanwhile,the condensed gas product was cured by chemical precipitation method and extracted high purity CaF 2 product to avoid secondary pollution of high concentration fluorine-containing flue gas.It is feasible to treat spent carbon cathodes of aluminum electrolysis via high-temperature roasting.

关 键 词：铝电解 废旧阴极炭块 高温焙烧 回收炭材料 浸出毒性 

分 类 号：TF821[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]