语境与光杆名词定指解读的允准  

Context and the Licensing of Bare Nouns’ Definite Reading

作　　者：杨稼辉 韩景泉[1] 魏政 YANG Jia-hui;HAN Jing-quan;WEI Zheng(Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou;Hunan Institute of Science and Technology,Yueyang)

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学,广东广州510420 [2]湖南理工学院,湖南岳阳414006

出　　处：《汉语学习》2023年第1期24-32,共9页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金青年项目“事件语义学框架下英汉语动词领域的有定性研究”(项目编号:19YJC740102);湖南省社科评审委课题“英汉语动词领域的有定性及其对比研究”(项目编号:XSP19YBC142)资助。

摘　　要：汉语光杆名词何时获得定指解读,这在学界一直存在争议。最新研究指出,定指解读与名词语义、谓语动词语义、情景语境等都密切相关。本文在此基础上探讨上述三种因素的内在关联,论证语境是光杆名词定指解读的决定因素,其他因素则是通过触发适当的语境间接实现允准作用。并基于“共同背景”具体刻画相关语境,为光杆名词定指解读提供一个明晰的允准条件。该允准条件还可以拓展到光杆名词回指性定指用法,成功解释该用法对篇章模式的敏感。The issue of when Chinese bare nouns can receive definite reading has long remained controversial. Recent researches point out that semantics of nouns, semantics of predicate verbs as well as the context or situation are all closely related to such reading. This study explores the relation among the three factors and proposes that context is the determining factor while the other two factors only license bare nouns’ definite reading indirectly by triggering appropriate context. By employing the notion of ’common ground’, the study further makes a detailed description of the context concerned and provides an explicit licensing condition for bare nouns’ definite reading. The licensing condition can also be applied to bare nouns’ anaphoric definite use and explain why such use is sensitive to modes of discourse.

关 键 词：光杆名词 定指解读 语境 共同背景 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]