周围建筑群对大跨穹顶屋盖的风致干扰效应研究  

Research on Wind-induced Interference Effects of Surrounding Buildings on the Long-span Dome-roof

作　　者：霍林生[1] 齐昊 HUO Linsheng;QI Hao(State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学海岸和近海工程国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《防灾减灾工程学报》2022年第6期1257-1266,共10页Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2016YFC0701103)资助。

摘　　要：大跨穹顶屋盖的风荷载会受到周围建筑群的影响,然而目前的规范中给出的风荷载并没有考虑此影响因素,本文研究了周围建筑群的建筑布置形式和建筑面积密度对大跨穹顶屋盖的风致干扰效应及其作用规律。运用计算流体力学(CFD)方法中的雷诺时均方法定常计算屋面平均风压,其中采用指数率风速剖面定义平均风速,采用重组化群k-ε湍流模型模拟湍流特性,并与风洞试验结果进行对比验证了数值模拟方法的准确性。通过在数值风洞中建立大跨穹顶结构与干扰建筑群的组合模型,考虑五种建筑布置形式、四种建筑面积密度和0°~360°风向角,分析穹顶屋面各区域在典型风向下和最不利风向下的风压系数和干扰因子,研究不同的建筑布置形式和建筑面积密度引起的干扰效应。结果表明,当来流上游和下游均有干扰建筑时屋面风压急剧缩减,当来流两侧有干扰建筑时屋面风压显著放大;考虑建筑布置形式,穹顶结构相对的两侧有干扰建筑是最不利布置形式,其中屋面的中心区域和紧邻干扰建筑的区域是干扰效应最剧烈的屋面区域,在结构设计中需要重点关注;干扰效应的程度与建筑面积密度成正比,屋面区域风压的“放大效应”和“缩减效应”均会随建筑面积密度的增大而加剧。本文的研究结果可为大跨穹顶结构的抗风设计提供依据。The wind loads of long-span dome roofs in cities can be affected by surrounding buildings,which are not considered in the current codes.In this paper,the wind-induced interference effects of the building layout and building area density on the long-span dome-roof are studied.Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes method for computational fluid dynamics(CFD)is used to simulate the mean wind pressure on the dome-roof.The exponential wind speed profile and RNG k-εturbulence model are used to simulate the mean wind speed and turbulence characteristics,respectively.The accuracy of the numerical results is verified through a wind tunnel test.By establishing combined models of the longspan dome structure and interference buildings in the numerical wind tunnel,considering five building layout forms,four types of building area density and 0~360°wind directions,the pressure coefficients and interference factors of each area on the dome-roof under typical wind directions and the most unfavorable wind direction are analyzed,and the interference effects caused by different building layout forms and building area densities are studied.The results demonstrate that the upstream and downstream buildings decrease the wind pressure,while the buildings on both sides of the inflow amplify the wind pressure.Considering the building layout,the most unfavorable building layout is that there are interference buildings on the opposite sides of the dome structure.The interference effect is the most severe in the central area of the roof and the area adjacent to the interference buildings,to which attention needs to be paid in the structural design.The interference effect is directly proportional to the building area density,and the"amplification effect"and"reduction effect"of wind pressure are strengthened with the increase of building area density.The results of this paper can provide a reference for wind-resistant design of long-span dome structures.

关 键 词：大跨穹顶屋盖 风致干扰效应 计算流体力学 建筑布置形式 建筑面积密度 

分 类 号：TU312[建筑科学—结构工程]