草莓病害拮抗细菌的筛选及其对草莓褐色叶斑病的防效  

Screening of Antagonistic Bacteria from Strawberry and Their Biocontrol Effect against Tan-brown Leaf Spot of Strawberry

作　　者：王卓妮 覃艮红 王丽[1] 侯珲[1] 袁洪波 周厚成[1] 巩文峰[2] 涂洪涛[1] WANG Zhuoni;QIN Genhong;WANG Li;HOU Hui;YUAN Hongbo;ZHOU Houcheng;GONG Wenfeng;TU Hongtao(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China;Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College,Linzhi 860000,Tibet,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,河南郑州450009 [2]西藏农牧学院,西藏林芝860000

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2023年第2期63-71,共9页China Vegetables

基　　金：河南省大宗水果产业技术体系项目(S2014-11-G07);中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所科研业务费专项(ZGS202110)。

摘　　要：通过组织分离法和稀释分离法从草莓根、茎、叶和根际土壤中分离内生细菌183株及根际细菌55株,其中9株拮抗菌对草莓褐色叶斑病病原菌(Pilidium concavum)、灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea)、尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)、链格孢菌(Alternaria alternate)4种草莓病原菌具有广谱拮抗效果。结合病原菌形态学特征、生理生化特性和分子生物学鉴定结果,将拮抗菌株G3-23、J3-20、G3-29鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis),J6-1、J1-4、G2-12、G3-k2和J1-11鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis),G3-20鉴定为耐盐芽孢杆菌(Bacillus halotolerans),G3-17鉴定为蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)。菌株G3-23能够分泌蛋白酶和纤维素酶,对由P.concavum引起的草莓褐色叶斑病具有良好的防治效果,并且该菌株能在离体草莓叶片上成功定殖,表现出较好的生防潜力。A total of 183 endophytic bacteria strains and 55 rhizosphere bacteria strains were isolated by tissue separation and dilution separation methods from strawberry root,stem,leaf and rhizosphere soil.Among them,9 strains showing broad-spectrum antagonistic effects against 4 strawberry fungal pathogens,including Pilidium concavum,Botrytis cinerea,Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria alternate.Combining the results of morphological trait,physiology and biochemistry character,and molecular identification,strains G3-23,J3-20 and G3-29 were identified as Bacillus velezensis;J6-1,J1-4,G2-12,G3-K2,and J1-11were identified as B.subtilis;G3-20 was identified as B.halotolerans;and G3-17 was identified as B.cereus.Strain G3-23 could secrete protease and cellulase,and had a good control effect on strawberry tan-brown leaf spot caused by P.concavum.Besides,this strain could successfully colonize on strawberry leaf,showing a good biocontrol potential.

关 键 词：草莓 褐色叶斑病 内生细菌 根际细菌 拮抗活性 

分 类 号：S436.68[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]