小麦穗长性状基因的发掘与标记开发  

Gene detection and marker development of spike length traits in wheat

作　　者：王梦可 赵德辉 曾占奎 陈鹏 张雷宜 兰彩霞[2] 刘瑞芳 王春平[1] WANG Mengke;ZHAO Dehui;ZENG Zhankui;CHEN Peng;ZHANG Leiyi;LAN Caixia;LIU Ruifang;WANG Chunping(College of Agriculture,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luo yang,Henan 471000,China;College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China;Luoyang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Luoyang,Henan 471000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471000 [2]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,湖北武汉430070 [3]洛阳市农林科学院,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期11-21,共11页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0100904);河南省自然科学基金项目(162300410077);河南省国际合作项目(172102410052)。

摘　　要：【目的】挖掘与利用小麦穗长控制基因,开发与之紧密连锁的KASP标记,为小麦分子标记辅助育种奠定分子基础。【方法】以Avocet为母本、Chilero为父本,构建含有164个家系的F6RIL群体,利用55K SNP芯片,结合5个穗长表型环境(2019年河南省孟津县、2019年河南科技大学农场、2019年河南省洛宁县、2020年河南省孟津县、2020年河南科技大学农场)及各环境穗长均值进行数量性状位点(quantitative trait locus,QTL)定位,对定位到的主效QTL开发KASP标记,并在130份小麦自然群体中进行验证。【结果】共定位到11个控制穗长性状的QTL位点,有7个主效QTL,分别为QSl.haust-2AL、QSl.haust-2DS、QSl.haust-5AL1、QSl.haust-5DL、QSl.haust-7BL、QSl.haust-2AS和QSl.haust-4DL,表型贡献率为4.22%~30.94%,其中QSl.haust-5AL1在3个环境中表现稳定且为主效QTL,其表型贡献率为4.22%~19.10%;另有4个微效QTL位点,分别为QSl.haust-2BL、QSl.haust-3AL、QSl.haust-3DS和QSl.haust-5AL2,表型贡献率为4.70%~7.55%。依据控制穗长的主效QTL位点QSl.haust-5AL1和QSl.haust-7BL的侧翼标记,开发了相应的KASP分子标记KASP-QSl.haust-5AL1和KASP-QSl.haust-7BL1,在130份小麦自然群体中检测验证,其中KASP-QSl.haust-5AL1标记筛选出的2种基因型,穗长分别为10.93和10.17 cm,经t检验,P值为0.045,差异显著;KASP-QSl.haust-7BL1标记筛选出的2种基因型,穗长分别为10.90和10.26 cm,经t检验,P值为0.048,差异显著。【结论】挖掘的控制小麦穗长的主效QTL和开发的KASP分子标记,可以用于该性状的基因克隆与分子标记辅助育种。【Objective】This study explored and utilized the gene controlling spike length and developed tightly-linked KASP marker to provide molecular basis for exploring the genetic theory of spike length and molecular marker-assisted breeding.【Method】In this study,a F6recombinant inbred line(RIL)population comprised of 164 lines was derived from the cross of Avocet as female parent and Chilero as male parent.The 55K single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)array was combined with five environments(Mengjin,Henan 2019,Farm of Henan University of Science and Technology 2019,Luoning,Henan 2019,Mengjin,Henan 2020,and Farm of Henan University of Science and Technology 2020)and the average lengths of spikes to perform QTLs.A total of 130 natural wheat populations were used for verification.【Result】A total of 11 QTLs controlling spike length trait were detected in the five environments.Seven major QTLs were QSl.haust-2AL,QSl.haust-2DS,QSl.haust-5AL1,QSl.haust-5DL,QSl.haust-7BL,QSl.haust-2AS and QSl.haust-4DL,with 4.22%-30.94%contributions to phenotypic variance.Among them,QSl.haust-5AL1 was the major and stable QTL identified in multiple environments,explaining phenotypic variance of 4.22%-19.10%.The four micro QTLs were QSl.haust-2BL,QSl.haust-3AL,QSl.haust-3DS and QSl.haust-5AL2,explaining phenotypic variance of 4.70%-7.55%.QSl.haust-5AL1 and QSl.haust-7BL were selected as major QTLs for spike length,and two KASP molecular markers for spike length trait,KASP-QSl.haust-5AL1 and KASP-QSl.haust-7BL1,were developed and verified in natural populations.The spike lengths of the two genotypes screened by KASP-QSl.haust-5AL1 were 10.93 cm and 10.17 cm with P value of t-test of 0.045,showing significant difference.The spike lengths of the two genotypes screened by KASP-QSl.haust-7BL1 were 10.90 cm and 10.26 cm with P value of t-test of 0.048,showing significant difference.【Conclusion】The main QTLs controlling spike length and developed KASP molecular markers can be used for gene cloning and marker-assisted breeding.

关 键 词：小麦 分子标记辅助育种 穗长性状 QTL定位 KASP标记开发 

分 类 号：S512.120.37[农业科学—作物学]