从实践到理论:论《民法典》离婚冷静期制度设置  

From Practice to Theory:Comment on the System of cooling off period in civil code

作　　者：项定宜[1] 席仕祺 XIANG Ding-yi;XI Shi-qi(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150006,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学文法学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150006

出　　处：《哈尔滨师范大学社会科学学报》2022年第6期63-70,共8页Journal of Social Science of Harbin Normal University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目(2572020BN02)。

摘　　要：我国《民法典》第1077条新增了登记离婚冷静期制度,设立登记离婚冷静期制度的目的是为了缓解草率离婚、轻率离婚现象,登记离婚冷静期制度集合了预约离婚与试验离婚的制度优势,缓解了离婚率居高不下的社会难题。但目前离婚冷静期制度在实施过程中仍存在诸多困境,人们对于《民法典》是否设立诉讼离婚冷静期制度莫衷一是,并且登记离婚冷静期制度欠缺必要的配套和辅助机制。文章通过分析离婚冷静期制度的价值立场,论证《民法典》不设立诉讼离婚冷静期制度的合理性,并通过借鉴国内外离婚冷静期制度经验,主张在制度实施过程中应区分适用,建立辅助的调解机制,推进登记离婚冷静期限内权利义务关系的适时变动,以确保我国登记离婚冷静期制度在实践中能够更好地实施。The registered divorce cooling-off period system combines the advantages of appointment divorce and trial divorce,and alleviates the social problem of high divorce rate.However,there are still many difficulties in the implementation of the divorce cooling-off period system.People have no agreement on whether to establish the cooling-off period system in litigation divorce in the Civil Code,and the registration of the divorce cooling-off period system lacks necessary supporting and auxiliary mechanisms.To this,this article through the analysis of the values of divorce a cooling-off period system,demonstrate the civil code is not set up the rationality of the litigation divorce a cooling-off period system,and through divorce a cooling-off period system at home and abroad for reference,the experience of that in the process of system implementation should distinguish applicable,establish auxiliary mediation mechanism,promote the divorce registration calm relationship between rights and obligations within the period of timely changes,In order to ensure that our registered divorce cooling-off period can be better implemented in practice.

关 键 词：民法典 离婚冷静期 调解制度 权利义务 

分 类 号：D923.9[政治法律—民商法学]