基于活性炭电极的电容去离子技术制备纯水应用研究  

The Application of Capacitive Deionization Technology Based on Activated Carbon Electrode to Produce Pure Water

作　　者：檀畅 李蓓 王傲[1] 刘晓静[2] 姚东瑞[2] 孙康[1] TAN Chang;LI Bei;WANG Ao;LIU Xiaojing;YAO Dongrui;SUN Kang(Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products,CAF,Key Lab.of Biomass Energy and Material,Jiangsu Province,Key Lab.of Chemical Engineering of Forest Products,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,National Engineering Research Center of Low-Carbon Processing and Utilization of Forest Biomass,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources,Nanjing 210042,China;Institute of Botany,Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所,江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室,国家林业和草原局林产化学工程重点实验室,林木生物质低碳高效利用国家工程研究中心,江苏省林业资源高效加工利用协同创新中心,江苏南京210042 [2]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所,江苏南京210014 [3]南京林业大学,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2023年第1期72-78,共7页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室基本科研业务费重大项目(JSBEM-S-202101);江苏省自然资源发展专项资金(海洋科技创新)(JSZRHYKJ202001);中国博士后科学基金(2021M691337)。

摘　　要：电容去离子技术(CDI)是新型高效低耗的苦咸水淡化技术,本研究探讨了基于活性炭电极的CDI生产纯水的可行性。采用活性炭电极、石墨集流体、有机玻璃隔板等自行设计组装的CDI脱盐系统,以城市自来水为水源,研究了该脱盐系统的脱盐量、能耗、脱盐率、离子截留率、回收率和循环稳定性等。结果表明:活性炭BET比表面积为1586 m^(2)/g,平均孔径为2.08 nm,孔容积为0.82 cm^(3)/g,XPS分析表明该活性炭含碳、氧、氮的量分别为94.81%、4.10%和1.09%,表面含有少量的含氧官能团和含氮官能团;电容去离子技术可以制备出离子浓度0.06 mmol/L、溶解性总固体量低于5 mg/L的纯水,产水能耗仅为0.1155 kWh/m^(3),脱盐率为98.1%,对各离子截留率为78.6%~99.8%,水回收率达到80%,且脱盐系统经过吸附-脱附循环42次后,电极的脱盐性能保持稳定,循环性能良好。Capacitive deionization(CDI)was emerging as a technology with low-energy consumption in treating brackish water.The feasibility of CDI technology based on carbon electrodes in producing pure water was investigated in this work.A self-designed CDI desalination system was constructed with activated carbon electrodes,graphite current collector,plexiglass spacer,etc.The desalination capacity,energy consumption,salt removal rate,ion interception rate,water recovery and stability of the CDI system were explored by using urban tap water as the feed.The results showed that the specific surface area of Activated carbon was 1586 m^(2)/g,average pore diameter was 2.08 nm,and total pore volume was 0.82 cm^(3)/g.XPS showed that the carbon,oxygen and nitrogen contents of the activated carbon were 94.81%,4.10%and 1.09%,respectively,which contained a small amounts of oxygen-and nitrogen functional groups on the surface.The CDI system could produce pure water with ion concentration of 0.06 mmol/L and total dissolved solids(TDS)lower than 5 mg/L,while the energy consumption was only 0.1155 kWh/m^(3) and the overall salt removal rate reached 98.1%.The ion rejection rates of various ions were ranging from 78.6%to 99.8%,and the water recovery was 80%.Furthermore,the desalination performance of the electrode remained stable and the cycle performance was good after 42 adsorption-desorption cycles.

关 键 词：电容去离子 活性炭 电吸附 纯水制备 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程] TQ424.1