开孔迫击炮内弹道与后坐阻力匹配性研究  

Study on the Matching of Internal Ballistics and Recoil Resistance in Vent Mortars

作　　者：张晋杰 李强[1] 谭庆 ZHANG Jinjie;LI Qiang;TAN Qing(College of Mechatronics Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,Shanxi,China;Hunan Vocational and Technical College National Defense,Xiangtan 411207,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学机电工程学院,山西太原030051 [2]湖南国防工业职业技术学院,湖南湘潭411207

出　　处：《火炮发射与控制学报》2023年第1期44-49,共6页Journal of Gun Launch & Control

摘　　要：为了提高自动迫击炮的勤务性和火力灵活性,并使其易于无人化和智能化改造,提出了一种新型开孔迫击炮。建立了变开孔迫击炮的内弹道数学模型,并以某传统迫击炮的若干初速分级为目标,分别得出了所需的开孔面积及其内弹道诸元。设计了可变后坐阻力制退复进机,其摩擦阻尼器可调节后坐阻力的大小,用于匹配变开孔迫击炮在不同开孔面积情况下的内弹道特性。在不同开孔面积情况下,进行了前冲击发式可变后坐阻力变开孔迫击炮的单发及连发射击时的动力学数值计算,并分析了炮闩的运动规律。结果表明,变开孔迫击炮可以仅通过改变开孔大小实现变初速发射;与变开孔迫击炮内弹道特性合理匹配的可变后坐阻力制退复进机可以保证可靠的自动循环过程。In order to improve the serviceability and firepower flexibility of automatic mortars,and make it easier for them to undergo unmanned and intelligent transformation,a new type of vent mortar is proposed.A mathematical model of the internal ballistics of a variable-vent mortar was established,and the required perforation area and its internal ballistic elements were obtained with reference to several muzzle velocity classifications of a traditional mortar.A variable recoil resistance recoil-recuperatoris designed,the friction damper of which adjusts the magnitude of recoil resistance to match with the internal ballistic characteristics of the variable recoil mortar in different variable-vent areas.The dynamic numerical calculation of single and continuous firing of a FOOB type variable recoil resistance and variable-vent mortar with different variable-vent sizes was carried out,and the motion of the bolt was analyzed.The results show that the variable-vent mortar can achieve variable muzzle velocity firing only by changing the size of the opening.The variable recoil resistance recoil-recuperator that is reasonably matched with the internal ballistic characteristics of a variable-vent mortar can ensure a reliable automatic cycle process.

关 键 词：变开孔 内弹道 可变后坐阻力 前冲击发 自动迫击炮 

分 类 号：TJ012.1[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术]