立井冻结黏土爆破对井壁的振动影响研究  

Study on the influence of vertical shaft blasting with frozen clay on the vibration of shaft wall

作　　者：于建新[1] 李真珍 郭敏 张英才[1] YU Jianxin;LI Zhenzhen;GUO Min;ZHANG Yingcai(School of Civil Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,Henan,China;Second Bureau the Second Construction Company Ltd.of China Construction,Zhengzhou 450000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学土木工程学院,河南焦作454000 [2]中国建筑第二工程局有限公司第二建筑工程有限公司,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《河南理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期26-34,共9页Journal of Henan Polytechnic University（Natural Science）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42107200);河南省科技攻关计划项目(212102310598);中国职业安全健康协会创新创业项目(CXCY-2021-23)。

摘　　要：立井采用冻结法施工时,冻结黏土爆破产生的振动易引起井壁破裂,从而造成安全事故。以赵固二矿立井冻结黏土爆破掘进工程为背景,运用ANSYS/LS-DYNA数值模拟软件建立模型,研究不同掏槽药量、地应力条件、中空孔数量工况下爆破振动对井壁产生的影响。结果表明:井壁测点振速与掏槽药量成正比,掏槽药量从16 kg增加至64k g,振速从9.53 cm/s增加至35 cm/s,增大了3.67倍;中空孔可减弱爆破冲击荷载对井壁的振动影响,且井壁振动速度与中空孔半径成反比;地应力在1~3 MPa变化时,井壁振动速度与地应力成正比。现场爆破方案数值模拟得出:采用1,3,4,5段电雷管毫秒延时爆破时,冻结黏土爆破产生的应力波主要沿井壁竖向传递;4段辅助孔爆破对井壁的振动影响最大,约为5段周边孔爆破的3.5倍,在距离掘进面13.3 m处,4段辅助孔产生的拉应力最大为0.425 MPa,不会对井壁混凝土结构产生破坏。分析方法和研究结果可为同类型条件深大立井冻结黏土爆破施工提供参考。When the vertical shaft excavation is constructed by freezing technology,the frozen clay blasting will have a vibration effect on the shaft wall,and it is easy to cause rupture of shaft wall,resulting in safety accidents. Taking the frozen clay blasting excavation project of Zhaogu No. 2 Mine as the research background,the ANSYS/LS-DYNA numerical simulation software was used to establish the model,the influence of blasting vibration on shaft wall under different cutting dosage,ground stress conditions and the number of hollow holes was studied. The results showed that the vibration velocity of shaft wall measuring points was proportional to the cutting dosage. The cutting dosage increased by 4 times from 16 kg to 64 kg,and the vibration velocity of the shaft wall measuring points increase by 3. 67 times from 9. 53 cm/s to 35 cm/s. Hollow hole could weaken the influence of blasting impact load on the vibration of the shaft wall,and the vibration velocity of the shaft wall was inversely proportional to the radius of the hollow hole. When the ground stress varies from 1 MPa to 3 MPa,the vibration velocity of shaft wall was proportional to the ground stress.Numerical simulation analysis under field blasting scheme showed that the stress wave produced by frozen clay blasting was mainly transmitted along the vertical shaft wall when millisecond delay blasting of 1,3,4 and 5 segments of electric detonator was adopted. The blasting of four auxiliary holes had the most significant effect on the vibration of the shaft wall,which was about 3. 5 times of that of the five surrounding holes. At 13. 3 m away from the working face,the maximum tensile stress produced by the four auxiliary holes was 0. 425 MPa,which had no destructive effect on the concrete structure of the shaft wall. The analysis methods and research results could provide reference for frozen clay blasting construction of deep shaft under the same type of conditions.

关 键 词：冻结黏土爆破 赵固二矿 立井井壁 爆破振动 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TU455.6[建筑科学—岩土工程]