林业碳汇质押贷款融资模式比较、现实困境与突破方向  

The Comparison,Dilemmas and Breakthrough Strategies in Forestry Carbon Sink Pledge Loan Model

作　　者：秦涛[1] 杜亚婷 陈奕多 王姗 QIN Tao;DU Yating;CHEN Yiduo;WANG Shan

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学经济管理学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2023年第1期120-130,共11页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“我国森林保险精准扶贫效应评估与机制优化研究”(编号:20YJA790059);国家社会科学基金一般项目“森林保险精准扶贫效果评估与财政补贴机制优化研究”(编号:19BGL052);国家社科基金后期资助项目“中国森林保险需求与供给模式研究”(编号:20FGLB022);北京市社会科学基金项目“北京市公益林保险产品创新与运行模式优化”(编号:18YJB011)。

摘　　要：林业碳汇质押贷款融资可以有效盘活林业碳汇资源,拓宽企业融资渠道,助力生态资源转变为生态资本和生态红利,是一种重要的碳金融产品创新。本文通过梳理现阶段我国五种代表性林业碳汇质押贷款融资模式,并从融资主体、参与机构、质押标的资产和增信机制等方面进行比较,发现林业碳汇质押贷款融资过程中面临质押标的资产有限、质押物统一核算评估体系缺失、信贷风险补偿机制不完善、相关制度保障缺失和金融综合服务体系未建立等诸多制约因素,因此,需要加快推进林业碳汇资产开发交易、建立林业碳汇价值评估认证体系、健全“政银保”风险分担合作机制、完善相关制度优化信贷环境、创新林业碳汇“信贷+”合作模式,为发展林业碳汇质押贷款融资提供基础和支撑条件。Forestry carbon sink pledge loan financing, an important innovation of carbon finance products, can effectively revitalize forestry carbon sink resources, broaden financing channels and help transform ecological resources into ecological capital and ecological dividends.This paper compares five forestry carbon sink pledge loan models in terms of financing subjects, participating institutions, pledged assets and credit enhancement mechanism.It is found that in the financing process of forestry carbon sink pledge loan, there are many restrictive factors, such as limited pledge target assets, lack of unified accounting and evaluation system, imperfect credit risk compensation mechanism, insufficient institutional guarantee and lack of comprehensive financial service system.Therefore, it is recommended to accelerate the development and trading of forestry carbon sink assets, establish a forestry carbon sink value evaluation and certification system, improve the risk-sharing cooperation mechanism between government, bank and insurance, formulate relevant systems to optimize the credit environment, and innovate the forestry carbon sink “credit+” cooperation model so as to provide the foundation and support conditions for efficient development of forestry carbon sink pledge loans.

关 键 词：林业碳汇 碳信贷 质押融资 模式比较 

分 类 号：F832.5[经济管理—金融学] F326.2