泥河湾盆地几个地层古生物学问题  

SOME PROBLEMS IN STRATIGRAPHY OF NIHEWAN BASIN

作　　者：李凯清 李勃垚 岳峰 焦洋 孙爱萍[3] 苏德辰[3] 袁宝印[4] 卫奇[5] LI Kai Qing;LI Bo Yao;YUE Feng;JIAO Yang;SUN Ai Ping;SU De Chen;YUAN Bao Yin;WEI Qi(Hebei Nihewan National Nature Reserve Management Center,Zhangjiakou 075000;No.3 Geological Brigade of Hebei Geology and Mineral Exploration Bureau,Zhangjiakou 075000;Instituteof Geology,ChineseAcademyof Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037;Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029;Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044)

机构地区：[1]河北泥河湾国家级自然保护区管理中心,河北张家口075000 [2]河北省地质矿产勘探开发局第三地质大队,河北张家口075000 [3]中国地质科学院地质研究所,北京100037 [4]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [5]中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,北京100044

出　　处：《地层学杂志》2022年第4期411-420,共10页Journal of Stratigraphy

基　　金：2021年度国家级自然保护区中央财政补助资金(NHW2021-01)资助。

摘　　要：泥河湾自20世纪20年代起从一个小山村的名字升华为一个科学名词。本文对泥河湾的概念、“泥河湾层”的界定与研究历史,以及泥河湾盆地许家窑组的建立进行了讨论。泥河湾的概念是华北早更新世的河湖相堆积泥河湾组及其所蕴藏的各种地质事件。泥河湾盆地发育晚新生代地层,其中蕴藏大量古人类旧石器遗存与丰富的哺乳动物化石。泥河湾盆地充填着巨厚的河湖相沉积层,包括新近系的上新统和第四系的更新统和全新统。泥河湾盆地曾经被“大同湖”占据,大约3万年前,“大同湖”开始消亡,桑干河在盆地出现。泥河湾盆地堪称东亚的奥杜威峡谷,它们具有极其相似的地质演变过程。泥河湾盆地的科学研究,地层学是基础。泥河湾在探究华北第四纪地层和地貌发育、古人类演化与技术发展序列的构建方面具有得天独厚的有利条件。Nihewan, as a small mountain village in Yangyuan County, Hebei Province, evolved to a scientific name after the “Nihewanian beds” and the Nihewan Fauna was discovered in 1920’s. This paper discusses the concept of Nihewan, the definition and research history of “Nihewan bed”, and the establishment of Xujiayao Formation in Nihewan Basin. The concept of Nihewan refers to the earl Pleistocene fluviolacustrine sediments(or the Nihewan Formation) with various geological events contained in it in North China. Late Cenozoic strata were well developed in the Nihewan Basin, and plenty of mammalian fossils and paleolithic remains were preserved in the sediments. The Nihewan Basin is filled with fluviolacustrine sediments, covering from Pliocene to Pleistocene and even Holocene in the Neogene. Geographically, Nihewan Basin was occupied by “Datong Lake” from Early Pliocene for long time ago. About 30 ka, the “Datong Lake” began vanish and disappear which resulted in the development of the Sanggan River. It should be noted that Nihewan Basin can be called as the Olduvai Gorge of East Asia which bears the similar geological evolution processes to the Olduvai Gorge in East Africa. In addition, it is consensus that stratigraphy is the basis of scientific research in Nihewan Basin. In a word,Nihewan basin plays an important role in the construction of the framework of Quaternary stratigraphy, geomorphological development, early human evolution as well as the technological development sequence in North China.

关 键 词：泥河湾概念 “泥河湾层” 许家窑组 地层古生物学 泥河湾盆地 

分 类 号：P534.6[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]