羞愧对亲社会行为影响的三水平元分析  

The effects of shame on prosocial behavior:A systematic review and three-level meta-analysis

作　　者：郭英[1] 田鑫 胡东[1] 白书琳 周蜀溪[1] GUO Ying;TIAN Xin;HU Dong;BAI Shulin;ZHOU Shuxi(School of Psychology,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学心理学院,成都610066

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2023年第3期371-385,共15页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：四川省哲学社会科学规划“重点研究基地重大项目”(SC19EZD052);四川应用心理学研究中心项目(CSXL-212A07)。

摘　　要：羞愧是一种典型的道德情绪,其对亲社会行为的作用在既往研究中并不一致。本研究首次采用三水平元分析技术整合相关实证研究,检验羞愧对亲社会行为的影响及调节变量在二者关系中的作用。通过文献检索和筛选,共计纳入26篇文献,85个效应量,总样本量为5823人。主效应检验发现,羞愧组比控制组表现出更多的亲社会行为,羞愧能够促进亲社会行为的产生。调节效应检验发现,暴露情境比掩蔽情境更能诱发羞愧对亲社会行为的促进作用,亲社会行为的产生情境(暴露情境或掩蔽情境)调节作用显著,但年龄、文化背景、羞愧诱发方法、羞愧类型及亲社会行为类型等变量的调节作用不显著。本研究使用三水平元分析方法保证了纳入文献信息的完整性,从而就羞愧对亲社会行为的影响及调节变量在两者关系中的作用得出更为全面可靠的研究结论,有助于拓展人们对于羞愧与亲社会行为关系及调节机制的认识。后续研究可深入探讨认知因素和个体特征在羞愧对亲社会行为影响中的作用,考察羞愧与其他道德情绪对亲社会行为影响的差异。Shame is a typical moral emotion,and its effects on prosocial behavior have been inconsistent in previous studies.In this study,a three-level meta-analysis technique was used for the first time to integrate relevant empirical studies to examine the effects of shame on prosocial behavior and the moderating variables in the relationship.Through literature search and screening,a total of 26 literatures with 85 effect sizes were included,and the total sample size was 5823 participants.The main effect test found that the shame group showed more prosocial behavior than the control group,which means shame can promote the generation of prosocial behavior.The moderating effect test showed that the moderating effect of generation situation of prosocial behavior(exposure situation or masking situation)was significant,that is,shame could promote more prosocial behavior in the exposure situation than in the masking situation.While the moderating effects of those variables including age,cultural background,shame-induced method,the type of shame,and the type of prosocial behavior were not significant.The use of three-level meta-analysis in this study ensured the integrity of the included literature information,so as to draw more comprehensive and reliable conclusions on the effects of shame on prosocial behavior and the role of moderating variables in the relationship between the two.This contributes to a deeper understanding of the relationship between shame and prosocial behavior and the moderating mechanisms.Subsequent research could further explore the role of cognitive factors and individual characteristics in the influence of shame on prosocial behavior,and investigate the differences between the effects of shame and other moral emotions on prosocial behavior.

关 键 词：羞愧 亲社会行为 三水平元分析 调节效应 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]