鸭茅内生木霉菌株TD-MM鉴定及其特性研究  

Identification and Characteristics of Endophytic Trichoderma sp.Strain TD-MM Isolated from Dactylis glomerata L.

作　　者：郑嘉淇 景浩 李梦圆 张超文 韩玉竹[1,2] ZHENG Jia-qi;JING Hao;LI Meng-yuan;ZHANG Chao-wen;HAN Yu-zhu(College of Animal Science and Technology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400000,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science,Chongqing 400000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学动物科学技术学院,重庆400000 [2]草食动物科学重庆市重点实验室,重庆400000

出　　处：《草地学报》2023年第2期365-374,共10页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金(31901929);重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX1021);中央高校基本业务费专项资金重点项目(XDJK2020B015)资助。

摘　　要：本研究利用组织分离法和对峙培养法,从鸭茅(Dactylis glomerata L.)叶片中分离筛选到1株具有较强抑菌活性的内生菌株TD-MM。基于形态学特征和基因序列分析,将菌株TD-MM鉴定为哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum),初步探究其抑菌机理和防治效果,并测定菌株TD-MM营养生长和产孢的条件。结果表明:鸭茅内生木霉菌株TD-MM对6株植物病原菌均具有较强的抑菌作用;该菌株推测为通过生长空间竞争和重寄生作用抑制植物病原真菌,其对姜花、蚕豆和辣椒根腐病的防治效果较好,且对植株的生长有显著的促进作用;适宜该菌株生长和产孢的培养基为虎红琼脂培养基和马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基,最适温度为30℃,最适pH值为5,在12 h光暗交替条件下菌丝生长最快且有利于产孢;孢子致死温度为60℃,10 min。本研究结果可为植物根腐病害生物菌剂的研制和开发提供菌株资源和数据参考。An endophytic Trichoderma sp.strain TD-MM was isolated from Dactylis glomerata L.through tissue isolation and confrontation culture.Based on morphological characteristics and sequence analysis,the strain TD-MM was identified as Trichoderma harzianum.The mechanism of its inhibition and control effect were studied,and its nutritional growth and sporulation conditions of TD-MM were measured.TD-MM showed strong antagonistic activity against six plant pathogenic fungi.The antagonism mechanism of TD-MM was presumed as competition and mycoparasitism.The in vivo experiment revealed that TD-MM obtained a high control efficiency on pathogens and significantly promoted the growth of plants.The biological characteristics revealed that the Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol Agar and Potato Dextrose Agar were most conducive to mycelial growth and sporulation.The optimal temperature for hyphal growth and sporulation was 30℃and the best pH value was 5.The most favorable condition for mycelial growth and sporulation was 12 h lighting and 12 h dark.The lethal temperature for spores was 60℃,10 min.This study provides microbial resources and scientific information for developing biocontrol agents against root rot diseases.

关 键 词：哈茨木霉 拮抗作用 生物学特性 内生菌 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学]