长江口横沙浅滩演变及水沙变化特征研究  

Study on Hengsha tidal flat evolution in Yangtze River Estuary and its water and sediment change

作　　者：孙鹏 白一冰 刘星璐 丁佩 SUN Peng;BAI Yibing;LIU Xinglu;DING Pei(CCCC-SHIW Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200120,China;River Harbor Engineering Department,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China)

机构地区：[1]中交上海航道勘察设计研究院有限公司,上海200120 [2]南京水利科学研究院河流海岸研究所,江苏南京210029 [3]南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《人民长江》2023年第2期77-84,共8页Yangtze River

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(21DZ1201700)。

摘　　要：近年来,随着长江流域上游来沙的锐减,长江口滩涂面临着侵蚀的风险。为探讨河口滩涂在人类活动和自然环境影响下的冲淤演变规律及水沙变化特征,以横沙浅滩为例,采用实测资料与数学模型相结合的方式进行了系统研究。实测资料分析表明:1998~2010年,横沙浅滩淤积较为明显,2010~2019年,浅滩呈微冲趋势,其中-5 m以浅沙体体积在2010年达到最大,-2 m以浅沙体体积在2015年达到最大,说明近年来横沙浅滩出现了侵蚀现象。数学模型模拟结果表明,浅滩内水动力和含沙量均呈持续减小趋势。鉴于长江口来沙持续减小,横沙浅滩可能进一步发生侵蚀,未来需加强对流域来沙变化引起河口滩涂资源变化的关注,并考虑相应的补偿措施。In recent years,the tidal flats at the Yangtze River estuary have been suffering from erosion risk with the sharp reduction of incoming sediment in the basin.In order to explore the evolution law and the variation characteristics of water and sediment in estuary tidal flat under the influence of human activities and natural environment,this paper takes Hengsha tidal flat as an example,and studied it by combining measured data with mathematical model.The measured data show that during 1998~2010 the flat was exposed to apparent deposition;while,from 2010 to 2019,it showed a slight scouring trend.The sand volume below-5 m and-2 m reached the maximum in 2010 and 2015,respectively,indicating the occurrence of the erosion in recent years.The simulated results show that both the hydrodynamics and the sediment concentrations in the shoal area show a continuous decreasing trend.In combination with the reality of continuous decrease in sediment supply,the tidal flat is supposed to be further eroded in the near future.Therefore,it is necessary to pay close attention to the changes in the estuary resources due to the variations of incoming water and sediment,and some corresponding countermeasures might be also considered to alleviate the situation.

关 键 词：横沙浅滩 浅滩演变 水沙变化 CJK3D 长江口 

分 类 号：TV14[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]