毛花猕猴桃新品种甜华特的选育  

Breeding of a kiwifruit cultivar Sweet White (Actinidia eriantha)

作　　者：张慧琴[1] 姚旭日 陆玲鸿 古咸彬 宋根华[1] 谢鸣[1] ZHANG Huiqin;YAO Xuri;LU Linghong;GU Xianbin;SONG Genhua;XIE Ming(Institute of Horticulture,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院园艺研究所,杭州310021

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第2期400-403,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：浙江省果品农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02066-8);国家自然科学基金(31801836)。

摘　　要：甜华特是从华特毛花猕猴桃实生后代中选育而成的新品种。充分授粉后的果实近圆柱形,果皮绿褐色,密集灰白色长茸毛;平均单果质量61.4 g,最大单果质量97.2 g,干物质含量(w,后同)18.79%~21.29%,可溶性固形物含量14.5%~18.1%,总糖含量10.5%~13.1%,总酸含量1.06%~1.16%,维生素C含量589.6~619.3 mg·100 g^(-1);果肉绿色,髓射线明显,肉质细腻,易剥皮,品质上等,口感甜糯,有果香味;耐贮,货架期长,低温下可贮藏6个月以上。生长健壮,易形成花芽,结果能力强,坐果率高达100%,可在枝蔓上达到食用成熟度,适于采摘园种植;丰产稳产,种植后3 a(年)开始坐果,5 a开始进入盛果期,平均666.7 m^(2)产量在1200 kg以上;抗性强,较耐低温和高温,较抗猕猴桃细菌性溃疡病。适于浙江等生态类似区域栽培。Sweet White is a new green-fleshed kiwifruit cultivar(Actinidia eriantha)with excellent fruit quality, and it was selected from White. The seeds germinated in 2008, and the seedling No. 2 was significantly different from the female parent, and was found from the candidate population in 2012. The initial selection was carried out from 2013 to 2015 based on fruit weight, fruit shape and superior taste,and it was finally selected and named Sweet White in 2016. Throughout regional adaptability test at four sites(including Taizhou, Shaoxing, Wenzhou and Jinhua), the productive trial plantings were established from 2016 to 2020. In 2021, Sweet White was awarded the new plant variety right certificate by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. The fruit is cylindrical shape and moderate in size. It weighs 59-65 grams on average. The stylar end is flat or slightly convex, and the fruit skin is green brown, with dense, long and gray white villi. The fruit flesh is green and the core shows yellowish white. The fruit has a fine texture, and flavor is sweet with aromatic taste and glutinous texture. The contents of soluble solids, dry matters, total sugars, total acids and vitamin C are 14.5%-18.1%,18.79%-21.29%,10.5%-13.1%,1.06%-1.16% and 589.6-619.3 mg · 100 g^(-1)fresh weight, respectively. Timely harvesting is needed. When the soluble solids content in fruit reaches over 7.0%, the harvest should begin. The fruit has good storage quality: storage life can last 1-2 months at ambient temperature and 5-6 months at cool storage. The shelf life of softening fruit at room temperature could be more than 15 days and keep 1-2 months under cool-stored condition. The fruit development period of Sweet White is about 165 days. It begins to bloom in mid-late May and the fruit matures in late October or early November in Taizhou area. Sweet White is vigorous. The percentage of bud break and cane forming are71.9% and 100%, respectively. The cyme occurs at nodes 1-8 of the fruiting canes, and there are often 4 to 8 inflorescences

关 键 词：毛花猕猴桃 新品种 甜华特 实生选种 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]