基于流程模拟的硝酸吸收塔多目标操作优化  

Multi-objective Operation Optimization of Nitric Acid Absorber Based on Process Simulation

作　　者：代敏 杨晗 杨福胜[1] 张早校[1] 侯建民 DAI Min;YANG Han;YANG Fu-sheng;ZHANG Zao-xiao;HOU Jian-min(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China;Xi'an Centum Automatic Control Inc,Xi'an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学化工学院,陕西西安710049 [2]西安森威自控有限公司,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《控制工程》2023年第1期78-82,共5页Control Engineering of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21736008)。

摘　　要：吸收塔是根据生产硝酸的关键设备之一,为了实现生产硝酸的关键设备-吸收塔的氮氧化物(NO_(x))的低排放和高浓度硝酸产品的产出,采用进化算法和过程模拟相结合的方法,对硝酸吸收塔进行了多目标优化。建立了Aspen Plus与MATLAB联合仿真的交互界面,采用非支配排序遗传算法研究了强调以最大硝酸纯度与最小尾气排放为目标的优化方案,并分析了用水量、塔压降、中段回流量、中段回流温度等操作条件对吸收性能的影响。结果表明,增加用水量和压降均可降低NO_(x)的排放,中段回流量与中段回流温度存在线性关系,在NO_(x)排放降低140.4 ppm的情况下,酸浓度相对于实际操作工况可增加0.98%;在酸浓度增加2.97%的情况下,NO_(x)排放相对于实际操作工况仍可降低89 ppm,为硝酸吸收塔操作变量的优化提供了重要的数据支持和优化建议。As one of the key equipment for the production of nitric acid,in order to achieve low emission of nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))and high concentration of nitric acid products from the absorption tower,the multi-objective optimization of the nitric acid absorption tower was carried out by combining the evolutionary algorithm and process simulation.The interface program linking Aspen Plus with MATLAB simulation was made,and optimization schemes emphasized maximum nitric acid purity and minimum tailpipe emissions.At the same time,it analyzed the influences of operating conditions such as water consumption,column pressure drop,dilute nitric acid feed position,middle reflux flow,and middle reflux temperature on the absorption performance.The results show that both increasing water consumption and pressure drop can reduce NO_(x)emissions,and there is a linear relationship between the middle reflux flow and middle reflux temperature.The NO_(x)emission can be reduced by 140.4 ppm with an increase in acid concentration by 0.98% compared with the actual operating condition.When the acid concentration is increased by 2.97%,the NO_(x)emission can still be reduced by 89 ppm compared with the actual operating condition,which provides important data support and optimization suggestions for the optimization of the operating variables of the nitric acid absorber.

关 键 词：多目标优化 稀硝酸 非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ) 氮氧化物 

分 类 号：TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]