叶片尾缘偏转对升力型垂直轴水轮机性能的影响  

Effect of Blade Trailing Edge Deflection on Performance of a Lift-type Vertical Axis Hydraulic Turbine

作　　者：李凯迪 周东海 孙晓晶[1,2] LI Kai-di;ZHOU Dong-hai;SUN Xiao-jing(School of Energy and Power Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Power Energy in Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer,Shanghai 200093,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200093 [2]上海市动力工程多相流动与传热重点实验室,上海200093

出　　处：《动力工程学报》2023年第1期83-91,101,共10页Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52176194)。

摘　　要：提出通过叶片尾缘自主偏转,提高传统升力型垂直轴水轮机水能利用效率的新思路。采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法,结合动网格和重叠网格技术对垂直轴水轮机的水动力性能进行二维非稳态数值模拟计算提出了尾缘始终向压力面偏转(OSO)和尾缘以恒定的角速度进行连续偏转(CD)的2种尾缘偏转控制策略,探究了尾缘偏转长度和偏转角度对垂直轴水轮机获能特性的影响规律。结果表明:在低叶尖速比下,采用OSO型偏转形式对水轮机性能的提升效果更好,当叶尖速比为1.00时,在尾缘偏转角度幅值为15°与偏转长度为0.1倍弦长的尾缘偏转参数组合下,水轮机的平均获能效率可提高约17.1%;在中高叶尖速比下,采用CD型偏转形式可有效提升垂直轴水轮机的平均获能效率,当叶尖速比为3.00时,与原始水轮机相比,水轮机的平均获能效率最大可提升约15.39%;在实际运用中,可以将2种控制策略结合起来灵活实施,使得水轮机在全工况范围内保持高效的获能特性,使之具备工程化应用价值和潜力。To improve the energy extraction efficiency of the traditional lift-type vertical axis hydraulic turbine(VAHT),the blade with a deformable trailing edge was utilized.The two-dimensional unsteady state numerical simulation was conducted to study the hydrodynamic performance of the VAHT using combined overset mesh and dynamic mesh in the CFD method.Two control strategies of deformable trailing edge,namely,constant trailing edge deflection to pressure surface(OSO)and continuous trailing edge deflection at constant angular speed(CD),were proposed.The perspective effects of the deflection length and deflection angle on the hydrodynamic performance of the VAHT were analyzed.Results show that at a low leaf tip speed ratio,the strategy of OSO performs more effective.When the leaf tip speed ratio is 1.00,the combination of the deflection angle of 15°and the deflection length of 0.1 times chord length has achieved the best effect on the hydrodynamic performance of the turbine.Average energy extraction efficiency can be improved up to approximately 17.1%.However,the CD strategy effectively improves the average energy extraction efficiency at high and medium leaf tip speed ratios.Average energy extraction efficiency can be improved up to about 15.39%.In practice,these two control strategies could be combined and applied smartly,which will allow the VAHT to maintain a superior performance for energy harvesting under a wide range of operating conditions and achieve further engineering application value and potential.

关 键 词：垂直轴水轮机 叶片尾缘偏转 获能效率 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TK730.2[交通运输工程—轮机工程]