PDCA模式在降低日间手术患者术前准备缺陷率中的应用  

Application of PDCA Model in Reducing Preoperative Preparation Defect Rate in Patients Undergoing Day Surgery

作　　者：陈小芳[1] 卓玉双 李燕萍[1] 洪志聪[2] 饶春梅[1] CHEN Xiaofang;ZHUO Yushuang;LI Yanping;HONG Zhichong;RAO Chunmei(Day Surger Center Ward,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University,Xiamen Fujian 361003,China;Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University,Xiamen Fujian 361003,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学附属第一医院日间手术中心病房,福建厦门361003 [2]厦门大学附属第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,福建厦门361003

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2023年第3期193-198,共6页China Health Standard Management

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2018J01375)。

摘　　要：目的探索运用PDCA循环法,对日间手术患者术前准备完成情况进行评估、管控及改善,以降低其缺陷率的应用效果。方法调查2021年3月25日—4月7日日间手术术前准备情况,根据术前必须准备的工作和项目编制查检量表,通过柏拉图等工具进行数据分析,确定术前改善的重点,找到真因,拟定对策并实施。统计2021年6月1—21日改善措施实施后与改善前的日间手术患者术前准备缺陷率进行比较。结果日间手术患者术前准备缺陷率从改善前23.74%降低到改善后6.76%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论PDCA循环法降低了日间手术患者术前准备缺陷的发生率,实现了术前准备工作的标准化和规范化,保障了日间手术的正常顺利进行,为其开展可以长期、持久性地推动围手术期术前护理常规及技术规范提供了一个科学的依据和指导。Objective Explore the method of applying PDCA cycle to evaluate,control and improve the completion of preoperative preparations for day surgery patients to reduce their defect rate.Methods The preoperative preparation of day surgery was investigated from March 25 to April 7,2021.The examination scale was developed according to the work and items that must be prepared before surgery.The data were analyzed by Plato and other tools to determine the focus of preoperative improvement,find the root cause,formulate countermeasures and implement them.From June 1 to 21,2021,the preoperative preparation defect rate of day surgery patients after the implementation of the improvement measures was compared with that before the improvement.Results The patients’preoperative preparation defect rate of day surgery decreased from 23.74%to 6.76%after improvement.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion After using the PDCA circulation method,the incidence of preoperative preparation defects in day surgery patients was reduced,achieved the standardization and normalization of preoperative preparations,and ensure the normal and smooth progress of day surgery.It provides a scientific basis and guidance for carrying out the supervision and management of peroperative nursing routine and technical specifications.

关 键 词：PDCA 日间手术 患者 术前准备 缺陷率 护理质量 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]