积极老龄化视阈下的农村互助养老模式探索  

Research on rural “mutual aid for the aged” model from the perspective of active aging

作　　者：崔树义[1] 田杨[1] 朱珑 Cui Shuyi;Tian Yang;Zhu Long

机构地区：[1]山东社会科学院人口与社会发展研究院,山东济南250002 [2]山东第一医科大学附属省立医院,山东济南250021

出　　处：《东岳论丛》2023年第1期81-89,192,共10页DongYue Tribune

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“农村人口转变新格局与乡村振兴研究”(项目编号:22ARK002);山东省社会科学规划一般项目“发展型社会政策视角下的山东人口老龄化应对战略研究”(项目编号:22CRKJ02);山东省社会科学规划重大理论与现实问题协同创新研究项目“山东省城市养老服务平台建设的研究”(项目编号:20CCXJ23)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：农村互助养老是指政府倡导下的,以老年人群体之间力所能及的互帮互助和情感交流为基础,以乡土社会内部资源动员、整合和赋能为核心的农村老年人社会支持活动。积极老龄化背景下,互助养老可以充分动员有能力、有意愿的社会成员参与养老服务,实现“互助—自助”,将“有所养”与“有所为”有机结合起来。发展农村互助养老也面临一些现实困境与制约因素,如文化传统的嬗变、组织基础和经济基础的重要性以及维持“互助”关系的限制性条件等。基于当前农村互助养老服务发展状况,提出厘清互助服务与志愿服务的异同、把刚需问题排在第一位、加强基层组织和人才队伍建设、探索“劳—养”结合的互助模式、强化和完善家庭支持等建议。Rural mutual aid for the aged refers to the social support activities for the elderly in rural areas which is initiated by the government,based on mutual help and emotional exchange within the capabilities of the elderly groups,and centered on the mobilization,integration and empowerment of resources within the local society.Mutual aid for the aged can make up for the deficiencies of other pension models,and the rural local cultural characteristics have laid a favorable social foundation for the development of mutual aid for the aged. In the context of active aging,mutual aid for the aged can fully mobilize competent and willing social members to participate in elderly care services,achieve “mutual assistance-self help”,and organically combine “support”with “action”. The development of rural mutual aid for the aged also faces some practical difficulties and constraints,such as the evolution of cultural traditions,the importance of organizational and economic foundations,and the restrictive conditions for maintaining the “mutual aid”relationship. Based on the current development of rural mutual aid for the aged,this paper puts forward some suggestions,such as clarifying the similarities and differences between mutual aid services and voluntary services,putting the problem of just needs first,strengthening the construction of grass-roots organizations and talent teams,exploring the mutual aid model of the combination of “labor-pension”,strengthening and improving family support.

关 键 词：互助养老 人口老龄化 农村养老 志愿服务 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理]