劳动力市场分割与劳动力资源错配:基于城市层面的测度  

Labor Market Segmentation and Misallocation of Labor Resources:Based on Measures at the City Level

作　　者：崔琳昊 Linhao Cui(School of Economics,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学经济学院,北京102488

出　　处：《中国人力资源开发》2023年第2期96-111,共16页Human Resources Development of China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(18BJY101);中国社会科学院大学研究生科研创新支持计划项目(IQTEYKC202202)。

摘　　要：基于“价格法”测算城市劳动力市场分割和劳动力资源错配的基础上,利用工具变量双向固定效应模型分析劳动力市场分割对劳动力资源错配的影响,并探讨了这种影响的异质性。研究发现,城市劳动力市场分割程度的提高将显著降低城市劳动力资源配置效率,提高劳动力资源错配程度,这种影响主要是通过限制劳动力流动和抑制就业市场规模扩大进而造成“劳动力-岗位”匹配失衡引起的。异质性分析表明劳动力市场分割对劳动力资源错配的影响在经济相对落后,劳动力配置过度的四五线城市和西部及东北部地区更加显著。研究将市场分割的测度推进到劳动力要素和城市层面,提出了我国进一步建设全国统一要素市场,畅通劳动力在区域之间转移的政策建议。Based on the"price method"to measure urban labor market segmentation and labor resource mismatch,the two-way fixed effect model of instrumental variables is used to analyze the influence of labor market segmentation on labor resource mismatch,and the heterogeneity of this influence is discussed.The study found that the improvement of the degree of urban labor market segmentation will significantly reduce the efficiency of urban labor resource allocation and improve the degree of labor resource mismatch,which is mainly caused by restricting labor mobility and inhibiting the expansion of the job market scale,resulting in an imbalance in"laborjob"matching.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of labor market segmentation on labor resource misallocation is more significant in the economically relatively backward and overallocated human capital in fourthand fifth-tier cities and in the western and northeastern regions.The study pushes the measurement of market segmentation to the labor factor and urban level,and puts forward policy suggestions for China to further build a national unified factor market and smooth the transfer of labor between regions.

关 键 词：劳动力市场分割 资源错配 “价格法” “劳动力-岗位”匹配 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济]