论骗取贷款罪的解释完善——以民营经济的刑法平等保护为视角  

On the Perfection of the Interpretation of the Crime of Loans Cheating——From the Perspective of Equal Criminal Law Protection for the Private Economy

作　　者：吴之欧[1] 邝慧蓉 WU Zhiou;KUANG Huirong(Law School,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou,China 325035)

机构地区：[1]温州大学法学院,浙江温州325035

出　　处：《温州大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第6期29-38,共10页Journal of Wenzhou University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学重大研究专项(19VHJ014)。

摘　　要：骗取贷款罪在刑事司法实践中存在入罪范围宽泛化与裁判结果对立化两大偏差。《刑法修正案(十一)》删去了骗取贷款罪“其他严重情节”这一内容,限缩了刑罚适用范围,在一定程度上推动了民营经济的刑法平等保护,但未能解决罪名构成要件外延模糊的问题。法官在适用骗取贷款罪的过程中,应当秉持刑法谦抑性原则,当行为人的欺骗手段不存在引发贷款无法收回的危险性以及和取得贷款之间不存在因果关系时,不应当认定构成“欺骗手段”;在刑法定性上,小额贷款公司并无纳入“其他金融机构”的必要性;重大损失作为唯一结果性要件,应当限定为造成实际损失,且损失计算范围仅指本金,损失的计算时间当以公安机关立案为节点。The crime of loans cheating has two major deviations in the criminal justice practice:the widening of the scope of conviction and the opposition of the results of the judgment.The“Amendment(XI)to the Criminal Law”promulgated in December 2020 deleted“other serious circumstances”of the crime of loans cheating,which narrowed the scope of punishment and promoted the equal criminal law protection for the private economy to a certain extent.However,it failed to solve the problem of ambiguity in the extension of the constitutive elements of the crime.Criminal justice practice should uphold the principle of modest restraint in the criminal law when applying the crime of loans cheating.When the perpetrator’s deceptive methods do not cause the risk of unrecoverable loans,and there is no causal relationship between deceptive methods and obtaining loans,the perpetrator’s methods should not be determined to constitute“deceptive methods”;regarding the statutory penalties of small loan companies,it is not necessary to include them in“other financial institutions”;as the only result factor,serious loss should be understood as the actual loss caused,and the scope of loss calculation only refers to the principal.The calculation time of loss should be based on the public security organ’s filing of the case.

关 键 词：骗取贷款罪 《刑法修正案(十一)》 欺骗手段 重大损失 

分 类 号：DF623[政治法律—刑法学]