具有内外分段阳极结构的金属离子等离子体推进器的放电特性  

Discharge Characteristics of Metal Ion Plasma Thruster with Inner and Outer Segmented Anode Structure

作　　者：刘文正[1] 姜希涛 田甲 张文俊 徐帅 於金亮 LIU Wenzheng;JIANG Xitao;TIAN Jia;ZHANG Wenjun;XU Shuai;YU Jinliang(School of Electrical Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学电气工程学院,北京100044

出　　处：《高电压技术》2023年第1期391-400,共10页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51577011)。

摘　　要：金属离子等离子体推进器是一种通过烧蚀阴极金属材料,产生电离度高的金属离子等离子体,在Hump峰加速作用下从而定向喷射形成推力的推进器类型。文中提出了一种带有分段阳极结构的金属离子等离子体推进器(SA-MIPT),该结构由圆锥状阴极、圆筒状绝缘套桶以及圆环状分段阳极组成。基于该金属离子等离子体推进器,探究了峰值电压维持时间t1以及阳极吸收电子对金属等离子体的生成及喷射性能的影响。研究结果表明,当t1从0.4μs增大到1.2μs时,单脉冲放电中生成的等离子体的定向传播速度、离子电流幅值以及离子电流与阴极电流的比值Gr分别提高了1.7倍、18倍、15倍。此外,研究发现采用减小阳极裸露面积或者阳极侧串联电阻的方法,能够有效提高从推进器喷口喷射出去的等离子体射流的喷射性能。当内阳极宽度W从2 mm减小到0.1 mm时,放电生成的离子电流峰值以及对应的Gr值分别提高了2.41倍、2.66倍。当阳极宽度W=2mm不变,在内阳极侧串联1 MΩ电阻后,放电生成的离子电流峰值以及对应的Gr值分别提高了2.24倍、2.52倍。The metal ion plasma thruster is a type of thruster that generates a high ionization degree of metal ion plasma by ablating the cathode metal material,and the directional jet is accelerated by the Hump peak to form thrust.In this paper,a metal ion plasma thruster with a segmented anode structure(SA-MIPT)is proposed,which consists of a conical cathode,a cylindrical insulating sleeve,and an annular segmented anode.Based on the metal ion plasma thruster,the effects of the peak voltage maintenance time t1and the absorption of electrons by the anode on the generation and ejection performance of metal plasma were investigated.The research results show that when t1increases from 0.4μs to 1.2μs,the directional propagation velocity,the ion current amplitude and the ratio of the ion current to the cathodic current of the plasma generated in the single-pulse discharge will increase by 1.7 times,18 times,15 times,respectively.In addition,the study find that the method of reducing the exposed area of the anode or the series resistance of the anode side can effectively improve the jetting performance of the plasma jet ejected from the nozzle of the thruster.When the inner anode width is reduced from 2 mm to 0.1 mm,the peak ion currents generated by discharge and the corresponding Grvalue are increased by 2.41 times and 2.66 times,respectively.When the anode width W=2 mm is unchanged,and the 1 MΩresistor is connected in series on the inner anode side,the peak ion current and the corresponding Grgenerated by the discharge are increased by 2.24 times and 2.52 times,respectively.

关 键 词：金属等离子体射流 峰值电压维持时间 电子吸收 等离子体推进 离子电流 

分 类 号：V439.2[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]