可充锌空气电池一体化空气电极研究进展  

Research progress on integrated air electrodes for rechargeable Zn-air batteries

作　　者：刘彦奇 宋兆海 何田 戴作强[2,3] 郑宗敏 LIU Yanqi;SONG Zhaohai;HE Tian;DAI Zuoqiang;ZHENG Zongmin(Power Integration and Energy Storage System Engineering Technology Center of Qingdao University;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao University;China National Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Electrical Vehicle Power System(Qingdao),Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学动力集成及储能系统工程技术中心 [2]青岛大学机电工程学院 [3]中国国家智能电动汽车动力系统工程技术研究中心(青岛),山东青岛266071

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2023年第2期383-397,共15页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(21805146)。

摘　　要：可充锌空气电池具有比能量高、工作电压稳定、安全性好、无环境污染等优势,被人们认为是最有前景的绿色能源装置之一。然而,可充锌空气电池的空气电极在充放电过程中需要发生可逆的氧还原和氧析出反应。由于该类反应涉及固-液-气三相界面,因此动力学过程非常缓慢。所以,设计具有高效催化作用的空气电极尤为重要。本论文从可充锌空气电池原理和空气电极结构出发,介绍了传统空气电极与一体化空气电极的结构特点和性能差异。通过对近几年的可充锌空气电池一体化空气电极相关文献的探讨,本文综述了不同导电基底和催化剂组成的一体化空气电极的制备及其锌空气电池性能的研究进展。着重对碳基和金属基一体化电极的优缺点和存在的问题进行总结,提出了这两种电极未来的优化改进方向。进一步介绍了空气电极三相界面结构的重要性和改进策略,分析表明,构建合理的三相界面能够有效提高电化学反应的传输动力学。最后对可充锌空气电池在实用化进程中需要解决的难点问题进行了总结和展望。Rechargeable Zn-air battery is considered a promising green energy device due to the advantages of high specific energy,stable working voltage,good safety,and no environmental pollution.However,the air electrode of rechargeable Zn-air batteries requires reversible oxygen reduction and evolution reactions during the discharging and charging process.Because these reactions involve a solid-liquid-gas three-phase interface,the kinetic process is very slow.Therefore,it is essential to design air electrodes with efficient catalytic action.In this study,first,we describe the principle of rechargeable Zn-air batteries and the structure of air electrodes.Second,we present the structural characteristics and performance differences between traditional air electrodes and integrated air electrodes.By surveying the recent literature related to the integrated air electrodes of rechargeable Zn-air batteries,the preparation of integrated air electrodes comprising different conductive substrates and catalysts and the research progress of their Zn-air battery performance are reviewed.Further,the advantages,disadvantages,and existing problems of carbon-and metal-based integrated electrodes are summarized,and the future optimization and improvement directions of these two electrodes are proposed.The relevance and improvement strategies of the three-phase interface structure of air electrodes are also presented;the analyses prove that constructing reasonable three-phase interfaces can effectively improve the transport kinetics of electrochemical reactions.Finally,the difficulties in the practical application of rechargeable Zn-air batteries are highlighted.

关 键 词：锌空气电池 可充电池 空气电极 催化作用 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]