新型冠状病毒感染疫情背景下高校医学生疫情风险感知潜在剖面及影响因素  

Latent profile analysis and its influencing factors of COVID-19 risk perception among medical students during the epidemic

作　　者：张振香[1] 任娟娟[1] 梅永霞[1] 王明旭 惠沼沼 张伟[3] ZHANG Zhenxiang;REN Juanjuan;MEI Yongxia;WANG Mingxu;HUI Zhaohao;ZHANG Wei(School of Nursing and Health,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Public HealthMedical Department of Xi'an Jiaotong Universitym;School of Medical,Huanghe Science and Technology College)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学护理与健康学院,450001 [2]西安交通大学医学部公共卫生学院 [3]黄河科技学院医学院

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2023年第2期172-179,共8页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：国家社科基金高校思政课研究专项(编号:21VSZ084);河南省医学教育研究项目(编号:Wjlx2021016)。

摘　　要：目的:了解新型冠状病毒感染疫情背景下医学生的风险感知现状及群体特征,为高校疫情防控及学生管理工作提供参考。方法:2022年1月到2月,采用方便抽样法,对来自10个省份的1703名医学生进行在线问卷调查,采用一般资料问卷、疫情风险感知量表、领悟社会支持量表、广泛性焦虑障碍量表及健康抑郁问卷进行评定,运用潜在剖面分析探讨其疫情风险感知类别及特征,并通过单因素分析和多元Logistic回归识别其潜在类别的影响因素。结果:高校医学生疫情风险感知平均得分为20.54±7.04分,可分为3个类别:低风险感知组(C1)、感知严重-非易感组(C2)和感知严重-不可控组(C3),每组人数分别为479人(28.13%)、881人(51.73%)和343人(20.14%)。以“C1”为参照,生源地城市(OR=0.744,P=0.048)、有慢性基础疾病(OR=3.618,P<0.001)归为C3的可能性越大,朋友支持程度越低(OR=0.925,P=0.011)和焦虑情绪越重(OR=1.066,P=0.027),归为C1的可能性越大。结论:潜在剖面分析能有效识别高校医学生疫情风险感知的类别,高校可根据人群分型特点针对性制定疫情防控和健康教育方案,帮助医学生建立合理的风险感知,减轻焦虑抑郁等负面情绪,应对疫情树立理性思维,形成良好预防行为,保持身心健康。Objective:To explore the current level and categorycharacteristics of medical students COVID-19 risk perception during the epidemic,and to provide reference for epidemic prevention and control and student management in universities.Methods:One thousand seven hundred and three medical students from 10 provinces were investigated on January to February 2022,and the Convenience Sampling Method,the General Information Questionnaire,the COVID-19 Risk Perception Scale,the Perceived Social Support Scale Scale,the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7,and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 were used to assess their COVID-19 risk perception categories and characteristics.The potential risk categories and their characteristics were explored by potential profile analysis,and its influencingfactors were identified by univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression.Results:The average COVID-19 risk perception score of medical studentswas(20.54±7.04),which was divided into 3 categories:Low risk perception group(C1),severe perception-non-susceptible group(C2),and severe perception-uncontrollable group(C3),with 479(28.13%),881(51.73%),and 343(20.14%)in each group,respectively.Using“C1”as the reference,the more likely to be categorized as C3 was the city of birth(OR=0.744,P=0.048),the chronic underlying illness(OR=3.618,P<0.001),the lower the level of friend support(OR=0.925,P=0.011)and the higher the anxiety(OR=1.066,P=0.027),the greater the likelihood of being categorized as C1.Conclusion:Latent profile analysis can effectively identify the categories of COVID-19 risk perception of medical students,and colleges can make targeted epidemic prevention and control and health education programs according to the population typing characteristics to help medical students establish reasonable risk perception,reduce negative emotions such as anxiety and depression,build rational thinking in response to epidemics,form good preventive behaviors,and maintain physical and mental health.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒感染 医学生 风险感知 潜在剖面分析 

分 类 号：R395.9[哲学宗教—心理学]