20世纪50年代的凉山彝族社会调查与古史分期争论  

The Periodization of Ancient Chinese History Debate and the Ethnographic Survey of Liangshan Yi Society in the 1950s

作　　者：王慧颖 Wang Huiying

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院历史理论研究所,100101

出　　处：《史学理论研究》2023年第1期126-135,160,共11页Historiography Bimonthly

摘　　要：新中国成立之初,西周社会性质成为中国奴隶制与封建制分期争论的焦点,因各派学者迟迟不能统一意见,解决问题的希望遂被寄托在新史料的出现上。当此之时,少数民族地区的社会改造也有判定社会形态的需要,于是少数民族历史调查逐渐与古史分期讨论出现交叉。20世纪50年代郭沫若与胡庆钧的互动是上述两项研究相互作用的缩影。自郭沫若将胡庆钧的凉山彝族社会研究引入西周社会性质的讨论后,古史分期争论受到凉山彝族社会调查资料的启发,反过来又推动了凉山彝族社会研究的深入与扩大。探讨郭、胡二人之间的互动及其后续发展,既有助于了解古史分期争论在少数民族历史调查材料的支撑下取得的进展,也可捕捉唯物史观和社会形态理论在历史学科之外造成的余响。In the early years of the People's Republic of China,the social nature of the W estern Zhou Dynasty became the focus of debate on the demarcation of slavey and feudalism in China.Since it was difficult to unify the competing views among scholars,the hope of solving this problem was pinned on the emergence of new historical materials.At this time,there was a need to identify social forms in the social transformation of minority areas.As a result,the historical and ethnographic surveys of China's ethnic minorities became gradually connected to the discussion on the periodization of ancient Chinese history.The interaction between Guo Moruo and Hu Qingjun in the 1950s is the epitome.Guo Moruo introduced Hu Qingjun's study of Liangshan Yi social research into the discussion of the nature of W estern Zhou Dynasty,which inspired the ancient Chinese history periodization debate.In turn,this debate also promoted the deepening and widening of I iangshan Yi social research.Probing into the interaction between Guo and Hu will not only help to understand the progress of the debate on historical periodization influenced by the ethnographic survey,but also to capture the influence of the view of historical materialism and the theory of social formations that extended outside the discipline of history.

关 键 词：古史分期 历史调查 郭沫若 胡庆钧 凉山彝族 

分 类 号：C95[社会学—民族学] K26[历史地理—历史学]