基于基因组SNP信息分析新疆夏洛莱牛群体的遗传结构和遗传背景初报  

Analysis of Genetic Structure and Background of Xinjiang Charolais Based on Genomic SNP Information

作　　者：蒋烈戈 彭健 代蓉[2] 高攀 苏政 刘鹏 朱婷婷 钟发钢 赵博 蔡国宝[3] JIANG Lie-ge;PENG Jian;DAI Rong;GAO Pan;SU Zheng;LIU Peng;ZHU Ting-ting;ZHONG Fa-gang;ZHAO Bo;CAI Guo-bao(Institute of Agricultural Sciences(Institute of Animal Science),9th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,E’min,Xinjiang834601,China;Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation,Shihezi,Xinjiang832000,China;Agricultural Development Center of 165,9th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,E’min,Xinjiang834601,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆生产建设兵团第九师农业科学研究所(畜牧科学研究所),新疆额敏834601 [2]新疆农垦科学院,新疆石河子832000 [3]新疆生产建设兵团第九师165团农业发展中心,新疆额敏834609

出　　处：《草食家畜》2023年第1期9-15,共7页Grass-Feeding Livestock

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团重点领域科技攻关项目“基因分析技术在塔额垦区夏洛莱肉牛种质资源中的利用研究”(2021AB013);新疆生产建设兵团中青年科技创新领军人才项目(2018CB027);新疆兵团科技创新人才计划“第九师夏洛莱肉牛高效健康养殖关键技术集成与示范”项目(2021CB050);新疆兵团第九师科技计划项目“九师夏洛莱肉牛遗传结构调查、种牛选育”(2020JS003);新疆兵团第九师科技计划项目“九师良种肉牛核心群繁育性能测定”(2021JS002)。

摘　　要：近50年来,引入的夏洛莱牛在塔额盆地已初步形成遗传性能稳定、产肉性能好的新类群。然而,在夏洛莱牛的杂交改良和选育过程中,缺乏系统的育种档案资料,存在着群体遗传背景不清、血缘关系不明等问题。本研究利用基因组高通量检测技术,分析新疆夏洛莱杂交新类群核心群中的全基因组水平SNPs变化,样本SNP数据平均检出率(Call Rate值)大于90%(99.40%),检测后分析群体中有效群体含量(Ne)、群体的多态性标记比例(Pn),群体的期望杂合度(He)和观察杂合度(Ho)等数据,得出现有新疆夏洛莱核心群体的纯度较好,有效群体含量为28.69,个体间的亲缘关系呈中等程度、整个群体分为26个家系,个体基于ROH的近交系数值是0.030。结论:基因组分析运用高通量测序,通过关联分析,对新疆夏洛莱肉牛群体明确系谱信息,开展全基因组选育,指导组建核心育种群,为群体的遗传背景和血缘关系提供科学依据,对提高今后新疆夏洛莱群体选种的正确性,缩短世代间隔,建立现代新型良种繁育体系有重要的意义。In the past 50 years,a new group of Charolais cattle with stable genetic performance and good meat production performance had been initially formed in Ten Basin.However,in the process of hybrid improvement and breeding of Charolais cattle,there was lack of systematic breeding files,and there were problems such as unclear population genetic background and unclear blood relationship.In this study,the genome high-throughput detection technology was used to analysis the changes of the whole genome level SNPs in the core group of the new hybrid taxa in Xinjiang.The average detection rate(Call Rate)of sample SNP data was more than 90%(99.40%).After the detection,the effective population content(Ne),the proportion of polymorphic markers(Pn),the expected heterozygosity(He)and the observed heterozygosity(Ho)of the population were analyzed.It was found that the purity of the core group was good,the effective population content was 28.69,the genetic relationship among individuals was moderate,and the whole group was divided into 26 families,the inbred line value of individuals based on ROH was 0.030.By using high throughput sequencing and association analysis,the pedigree information of Xinjiang Charolais cattle group was clarified,the whole genome selection was carried out,and the core breeding group was guided to be eatablished,so as to provide a scientific basis for the genetic background and blood relationgship of the population.It is of great significance to improve the accuracy of seed selection,shorten the generation interval and establish the modern new breed system.

关 键 词：新疆夏洛莱 基因组SNP信息 遗传多样性 遗传结构 近交系数 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]