新生驹腹泻的诊断与防治  

Diagnosis,Prevention and Treatment of Diarrhea in Newborn Foals

作　　者：陈世军[1] 王杰[1] 陈古丽 韩涛[1] 努尔巴哈特·巴特克西克 CHEN Shi-jun;WANG Jie;CHEN Gu-li;HAN Tao;NUERBAHAT·Batkxk(Institute of Veterinary Research,Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences,Urumqi 830013,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Kalahabak Township,Tacheng,Xinjiang834708,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆畜牧科学院兽医研究所,乌鲁木齐830013 [2]塔城市喀拉哈巴克乡畜牧兽医站,新疆塔城834708

出　　处：《草食家畜》2023年第1期35-43,共9页Grass-Feeding Livestock

基　　金：新疆伊犁马产业集群项目(2022xjmlt-z-05)。

摘　　要：新生驹腹泻是导致马驹死亡的最重要原因,对马产业危害很大。引起新生驹腹泻的主要病因是细菌和病毒感染,其中最常见的病原是大肠杆菌,其次是冠状病毒和产气荚膜梭菌,还有肠杆菌属的志贺氏菌、沙门氏菌、克雷伯氏菌以及轮状病毒,但临床上较少见。新生驹腹泻的主要临床表现是腹泻、等渗性脱水和代谢性酸中毒。控制细菌感染和纠正脱水是提高新生驹腹泻治愈率的核心内容。抗菌要针对临床诊断判定的主要病菌选择有效药物,同时要覆盖其他可能的致病菌。严重的危及生命的新生驹腹泻的抗菌治疗应采取降阶梯策略,初始的治疗要采用重击疗法。病毒感染具有一定的自限性,因此防止继发细菌感染和补液是主要的治疗方法。补液要及时足量,应以口服为主,并根据临床具体情况作出准确调整。Diarrhea is the most important cause of newborn foal death, which brings great harm to horse industry. The main causes of newborn foal diarrhea include bacterial and viral infections, among which, the most common pathogen is E. coli, followed by coronavirus and Clostridium perfringens, as well as Shigella(Enterobacter),Salmonella and Klebsiella,and rotavirus, but they are rare clinically. The main clinical symptoms of diarrhea in newborn foals include diarrhea, isotonic dehydration and metabolic acidosis.Controlling bacterial infection and correcting dehydration are the key points to improve the cure rate.Antimicrobial agents should be selected for the main bacteria identified, while covering other possible pathogens. Antimicrobial therapy for severe life-threatening foal diarrhea should resort to de-escalation strategy, and the initial treatment should adopt bludgeoning therapy. The viral infections are self-limited diseases to a certain extent, so the prevention of secondary bacterial infection and rehydration therapy are the main treatment. Fluid replacement should be timely and adequate, by oral mainly, and should make accurate adjustment according to the clinical concrete situation.

关 键 词：新生驹 腹泻 诊断 预防 治疗 抗感染 补液 

分 类 号：S852.65[农业科学—基础兽医学]