花溪水库底泥重金属含量分布与生态风险评估  

Distribution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sedients of Huaxi Reservoir

作　　者：杨燕妮 王中美[2] 周向阳 杜延远 李鑫 YANG Yan-ni;WANG Zhong-mei;ZHOU Xiang-yang;DU Yan-yuan;LI Xin(Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment,Ministry of Education,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Liupanshui City Planning and Design Research Institute Co.,Ltd.Liupanshui 553001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550025 [3]六盘水市规划设计研究院有限责任公司,贵州六盘水553001

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2023年第2期45-48,6,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：2022年度贵州省省级教改项目;贵州省科技支撑项目([2019]2875号);黔科合平台人才项目([2018]5781-45)。

摘　　要：花溪水库为典型的岩溶山区水库,为贵阳市重要的水源地,为查清花溪水库底泥重金属分布状况,在2个横断面上共采集21组底泥样品,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定Cr、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb等重金属元素的含量,分析其在横断面上的分布特征及含量水平,同时采用潜在生态风险评价法和地积累评价法进行生态风险评估,系统分析了水库2个不同断面的重金属污染程度。结果表明,入库断面重金属含量水平较低且低于背景值,其浓度顺序为Zn>Cr>Cu>As>Pb>Cd;重金属含量具有随离岸距离增加而减少的规律,主要是受周边农业活动影响所致;开阔断面重金属含量水平较低,浓度顺序为Zn>Cr>Cu>Pb>As>Cd;重金属含量具有自左岸向右岸递增的规律,主要与河流流速及底泥颗粒大小有关;水库底泥重金属污染为轻度污染,且入库断面污染程度右岸>左岸>河心,开阔断面各重金属污染程度从左岸至右岸逐渐增高。Huaxi Reservoir is a typical karst mountain reservoir and an important water source in Guiyang City. In order to find out the distribution of heavy metals in the sediment of Huaxi Reservoir, a total of 21 sets of sediment samples were collected from two cross sections. The content of Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb and other heavy metal elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer(ICP-MS). Their distribution characteristics and content levels on the cross section were analyzed. The potential ecological risk assessment method and geo accumulation assessment method were used to evaluate the pollution risk, and systematically analyze the degree of heavy metal pollution in two different sections of the reservoir. The results show that the content of heavy metals in the section of inlet reservoir is low and lower than the background value, and its concentration sequence is Zn>Cr>Cu>As>Pb>Cd;The heavy metal content has a law of decreasing with the increase of the offshore distance, the main reason is caused by the influence of surrounding agricultural activities;The content of heavy metals in open sections is relatively low, and the concentration sequence is Zn>Cr>Cu>Pb>As>Cd;The heavy metal content increases from the left bank to the right bank, which is mainly related to river velocity and sediment particle size. The heavy metal pollution in the sediment of the reservoir is light pollution, and the pollution degree of the section near the reservoir is right bank>left bank>river center, and the pollution degree of each heavy metal in the open section gradually increases from left bank to right bank.

关 键 词：花溪水库 底泥 重金属 分布特征 生态风险评估 

分 类 号：TV697.3[水利工程—水利水电工程] X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]