添加生物炭对土壤镉形态和小白菜镉吸收的影响  

Effect of Biochar Addition on Cadmium Speciation in Soil and Cadmium Uptake in Chinese Cabbage

作　　者：邓永玺 赵少婷 曹阳 张东明 吕家珑[1] 代允超[1] 陈继平 DENG Yongxi;ZHAO Shaoting;CAO Yang;ZHANG Dongming;Lü Jialong;DAI Yunchao;CHEN Jiping(College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China,Ministry of Agriculture,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Xi’an Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Yangling,Shaanxi 710000,China;Shaanxi Hygrogeology Engineering Geology and Environment Geology Survey Center,Yangling,Shaanxi 710068,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,农业农村部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西安市农业技术推广中心,陕西西安710000 [3]陕西省水工环地质调查中心,陕西西安710068

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2023年第1期45-50,共6页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42007303);国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1804101);陕西省农业科技创新驱动项目(NYKJ-2020-YL-21、NYKJ-2021-YL(XN)19);陕西省公益性地质调查项目“陕西省安康地区土地质量调查评价及综合研究”(201908)。

摘　　要：为了深入研究生物炭对土壤镉(Cd)形态及对小白菜吸收镉的影响,研究采取盆栽试验,将小白菜种植于镉污染土壤中,通过添加不同质量分数的生物炭进行培养试验。试验共设CK(不添加生物炭)、T1(添加2%的生物炭)及T3(添加4%的生物炭)三个处理,每个处理进行三次重复。试验结果表明:添加生物炭可以显著提高供试土壤的pH,T1、T2处理可分别将土壤pH提高0.58、0.80个单位;随着生物炭添加量的增加,土壤中弱酸提取态镉与可还原态镉的含量降低,而可氧化态镉与残渣态镉的含量增加,且T2处理与T1处理相比效果更显著;添加生物炭可以显著减少小白菜吸收镉的量,T1和T2处理可以分别使小白菜对镉的吸收降低41.67%和75.00%。总的来说,添加生物炭可以降低土壤中有效态镉的含量并显著降低小白菜对镉的吸收量,是一种降低土壤镉危害、提高小白菜的食品安全性的有效方法。In order to investigate the effect of biochar on cadmium(Cd) forms in soil and cadmium absorption in Chinese cabbage,the Chinese cabbage was planted in cadmium contaminated soil by pot experiment,and the culture experiment was conducted by addition of biochar with different mass fractions.The amount of biochar addition was set as CK(without biochar),T1(2% biochar) and T3(4% biochar),and each treatment was repeated three times.The results showed that the addition of biochar could significantly increase the pH of the tested soil.T1 treatment could increase the pH of the soil 0.58 units,T2 treatment could increase the pH of the soil 0.80 units.With the increase of biochar addition,the contents of weak acid extracted cadmium and reducible cadmium in soil decreased,while the contents of oxidized cadmium and residual cadmium increased,and the treatment effect of the more addition was more significant.The addition of biochar coud significantly reduce the amount of cadmium absorbed by Chinese cabbage.Compared with CK,the absorption of cadmium by Chinese cabbage under T1 and T2 treatment could reduce by 41.67% and 75.00%,respectively.In conclusion,the addition of biochar can reduce the content of available cadmium in soil and significantly reduce the uptake of cadmium by Chinese cabbage,which is an effective method to reduce the damage of soil cadmium and improve the food safety of Chinese cabbage.

关 键 词：生物炭 土壤 镉 小白菜 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]