废弃泥浆絮凝脱水试验研究  

Experimental Study on Flocculation Dehydration of Waste Slurry

作　　者：周鹏[1] ZHOU Peng(Shandong Regional Headquarters of China Railway 14th Bureau Group Co.Ltd.,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁十四局集团有限公司山东区域总部,济南250014

出　　处：《河南科学》2023年第1期129-135,共7页Henan Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51778213)。

摘　　要：进行絮凝处理是目前废弃泥浆实现快速脱水减量的主要处理方法或者主要工序之一.然而由于各地泥浆性质差异较大,需要通过絮凝试验先初步确定合理的絮凝剂和最优的添加量.针对某隧道工程中产生的废弃泥浆,采用多种絮凝剂开展泥浆絮凝试验,确定最优絮凝及其添加量,并基于上清液水质及粒径分布变化规律探讨了不同絮凝剂的絮凝机理.结果表明:有机高分子类PAM絮凝剂对废弃泥浆具有较好的快速泥水分离效果,絮凝5 min时,泥浆的含水率就能达到220%左右,而添加无机絮凝剂时,泥浆絮凝1 h后,其含水率仍然在500%左右.综合比较,阳离子型PAM为最优絮凝剂,最佳添加量为0.2%,经其分离的上清液中,pH值与SS含量均满足《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》的对应排放标准;相比于无机絮凝剂,有机高分子絮凝剂的吸附架桥与网捕作用能够促进泥浆颗粒聚集成粒径更大团粒.Flocculation treatment is one of the main treatment methods or processes to realize rapid dehydration and reduction of waste mud.However,due to the great differences in mud properties,it is necessary to preliminarily determine the reasonable flocculant and the optimal addition amount through flocculation test.Aiming at the waste mud produced in a tunnel project,a variety of common flocculants were used to carry out mud flocculation test to determine the optimal flocculant and its addition amount.The flocculation mechanisms of different flocculants were discussed based on the change law of water quality and particle size distribution of the supernatant.The results show that organic polymer PAM flocculant has a good effect on rapid mud-water separation of waste mud.When the flocculation is 5 min,the water content of mud can reach about 220%,while when adding inorganic flocculant,the water content of mud is still about 500%after flocculating for 1 h.The higher the relative molecular weight of the same ionic PAM,the lower the SS content of the supernatant,and the better the flocculation effect.By comprehensive comparison,cationic PAM is the best flocculant,and the best addition amount is 0.2%.In the supernatant separated by 0.2%cationic PAM,the pH value and SS content both meet the corresponding discharge standards of“Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plant”.Compared with inorganic flocculants,the adsorption bridging and net trapping of organic polymer flocculants can promote the aggregation of mud particles into larger particles.

关 键 词：废弃泥浆 絮凝试验 泥水分离 絮凝沉降 

分 类 号：X73[环境科学与工程—环境工程]