翠湖国家城市湿地公园鱼类物种多样性研究  

Analysis of Diversity of Fishes in Cuihu National urban Wetland Park

作　　者：王博宇 WANG Bo-yu(Beijing Haidian District Management Center of Wetland and Wildlife,Beijing 100194,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区湿地和野生动植物保护管理中心,北京100194

出　　处：《湿地科学与管理》2023年第1期29-33,共5页Wetland Science & Management

摘　　要：研究鱼类群落结构和多样性对保护翠湖湿地生物多样性具有重要意义。以翠湖湿地为研究对象,于2020年春季和秋季在湿地开放区、封育保护区、封闭区3处水域开展了鱼类资源调查,分析鱼类物种多样性时空变化特征。结果表明:翠湖湿地鱼类21种1516尾,分别隶属3目8科18属。春季鱼类数量明显高于秋季,重要种包括餐鲦鱼、黄颡鱼、大鳍鱊、棒花鮈和青梢红鲌,杂食性鱼类数量占比为78.75%。湿地整体鱼类群落结构分析表明,湿地鱼类物种多样性指数为3.198,丰富度指数为1.893,均匀度指数为0.728。分区评估Shannon-Wiener多样性指数发现,封育保护区的鱼类多样性指数最高(3.047),开放区最低(2.104),在后续管护中有待提升封闭区的鱼类多样性。建议通过强化动态监测、开展增殖放流和底泥清淤等措施提升翠湖湿地鱼类物种多样性。Fish community structure and diversity is important for biodiversity conservation for Cuihu wetland.in order to understand the species composition and its variation of fishes in Cuihu National urban Wetland Park,a fish survey was conducted in spring and Autumn of 2020,including the open area,closed conservation area and closed area.A total of 1 516 fishes including 21 species were recorded,belonging to 3 orders,8 families and 18 genera,respectively.We found that the numbers of fishes in Spring is much higher than that in Autumn,and the important species are Hemiculter leucisculus,Pelteobagrus fulvidraco,Acheilognathus macropterus,Gobio rivuloides and Erythroculter dabryi.The number of omnivorous fish accounted for 78.75% of the total.The fish diversity index of Cuihu Park was 3.198,the richness index was 1.893 and the evenness index was 0.728.Assessed the subarea by shannon-Wiener Diversity index,it was found that the closed conservation areaof Cuihu Park had the highest value(3.047),followed by the open area,and the closed area(2.104)was the lowest.Therefore,the diversity of the closed area needs to be strengthened in the ongoing management of the park.Finally,we suggest to take measures to strengthen park maintenance and protection such as dynamic monitoring,enhance breeding and release,and sediment cleanup to improve the fish species diversity.

关 键 词：翠湖湿地 优势度 多样性指数 丰富度指数 均匀度指数 

分 类 号：S937.3[农业科学—渔业资源]