男子青少年十米气步枪运动员射击稳定性的生物力学研究  

A Biomechanical Study of Shooting Stability of Junior Men’s 10m Air Rifle

作　　者：强丽英 李健 焦明月 Qiang Liying;Li Jian;JiaoMingyue(College of Physical Education,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan 030000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学体育学院,山西太原030000

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2023年第1期66-69,共4页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

基　　金：2021山西省研究教育创新项目:男子25米手枪速射运动员射击动作稳定性的生物力学研究——以临汾市射击队为例(项目编号:2021Y455)。

摘　　要：目的:通过对临汾市射击运动中心三名10米气步枪重点队员射击动作进行生物力学研究,旨在寻求影响运动员射击动作稳定性的相关因素,并据此提出合理化的建议。方法:运用三维高速摄像法以及Simi Motion录像解析法,同时结合光学传感器模型MX-02S进行激光瞄准测试,监测运动员射击动作的多项指标,为备战省运会和全运会提供参考依据。结果表明:男子青少年10米气步枪运动员在瞄准与击发的过程中,身体重心在前后方向上的晃动范围较大,即身体前后侧的稳定性较差,核心力量较为薄弱;男子青少年10米气步枪运动员在瞄准与击发的过程中,持枪臂在前后方向上的晃动幅度要大于上下及左右的晃动幅度,即左手在瞄准与击发过程中前后方向的稳定性较差。在瞄准与击发的过程中,左肩关节及左肘关节角度越小越接近于垂直位对稳定性、瞄准越有帮助,在今后的训练中应当注意;男子青少年10米气步枪运动员在射击过程中,很少能在“第一稳定期”进行击发。建议:在今后的研究中,可以结合高水平运动员的数据加以比较,同时,可以融合动力学和运动学知识进行分析,这对加强运动员的射击技术可能会有更大的帮助。OBJECTIVE: This biomechanical study aims to determine the influential factors of shooting action stability of athletes by studying the shooting acts of three major 10-meter air rifle shooters of the Shooting Sports Center of Linfen City, and to put forward reasonable suggestions. METHODS: It mainly used three-dimensional high-speed camera method and Simi Motion video analysis method, and used the optical sensor model MX-02S to carry out laser aiming test, which can monitor multiple indicators of athletes’ shooting acts. This study sheds some light on for the preparation for the provincial games and the National Games. RESULTS: During the aiming and triggering phases, the center of gravity of youth shooters of men’s 10m air rifle wobble backward and forward in a large zone. That is, their stability of the front and back body sides is low, and their core strength is relatively low. In the same process, the forward-and-backward wobble zone of the rifle barrel supporting arm was greater than that in the upward-and-downward and leftward-and-rightward directions. That is, the forward-and-backward stability of hold by the left hand is poor during the aiming and triggering phases, during which phases the smaller the angle of the left shoulder joint and the left elbow joint is, as vertical as possible, the higher steadiness of the rifle barrel and better for aiming it is. Furthermore, these shooters can seldom fire in “the first time period of stability”. SUGGESTIONS: It would be much helpful to enhance shooting techniques if in future research, high-level shooters’ performance data can be benchmarked against and meanwhile dynamics and kinematics are analyzed in tandem.

关 键 词：10米气步枪 稳定性 射击 生物力学 

分 类 号：G804.6[文化科学—运动人体科学]