循环流化床锅炉掺烧危废渣蜡对灰渣污染特征的影响  

Influence of wax residue co-combustion in circulating fluidized bed boiler on the characteristics of fly ash and slag

作　　者：吕溥 李文祥 郝迎志 王智华 杨方雄 赵明茹 赵娜娜 LV Pu;LI Wenxiang;HAO Yingzhi;WANG Zhihua;YANG Fangxiong;ZHAO Mingru;ZHAO Nana(School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Tsinghua Suzhou Environmental Innovation Research Institute,Suzhou 215000,China;Suzhou Qingziwaste Environmental Protection and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 215000,China;Suzhou University of Science and Technology,Suzhou 215000,China;Hengshui Solid Waste Nuclear Radiation Management Center,Hengshui 053000,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境学院,北京100084 [2]清华苏州环境创新研究院,苏州215000 [3]苏州清咨威特环保科技有限公司,苏州215000 [4]苏州科技大学,苏州215000 [5]衡水市固体废物核辐射管理中心,衡水053000

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2023年第1期242-249,共8页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC1902805,2018YFC1801104)。

摘　　要：煤制油技术产生的易蓄热自燃的渣蜡属于危险废物,处置不当会带来较大的环境影响和环境风险。通过与燃料煤混合燃烧的利用方式处理渣蜡可降低处理成本,同时减少能源浪费。按燃料煤与渣蜡30∶1的比例混合,通过循环流化床(CFB)锅炉掺烧,对其热能进行利用,并研究其对CFB锅炉运行和灰渣特征的影响。结果表明,混合后的掺烧燃料组分变化差异较大,部分重金属含量有所增高;掺烧实验开始阶段锅炉的运行负荷和炉膛的出口温度出现明显上升,而工况稳定后,波动不大;相比燃料煤,掺烧产生的粉煤灰和炉渣的热灼减率无明显差异,二恶英类持久性有机污染物贡献均以OCDD为主导,但重金属铬、锰和铜含量稍有增加,主要受渣蜡中重金属迁移和难挥发影响。本研究结果可为通过循环流化床(CFB)锅炉掺烧发电的方式对渣蜡进行合理的资源化利用提供参考。The wax residual produced by coal-to-oil technology, which could induce heat accumulation and spontaneous combustion easily, is a kind of hazardous waste. Its improper disposal will bring about great environmental impacts and risks. The utilization of wax residue by co-combustion with fuel coal can reduce the disposal cost as well as energy waste. This study investigated the influences of wax residue co-combustion on the operation of the circulating fluidized bed(CFB) and the characteristics of fly ash and slag by co-combusting the fuel coal and the residual wax at the ratio of 30:1 in CFB to recover the thermal energy. The results showed that the mixed fuels varied widely in components, with some increased in heavy metals contents. The load of the boiler and the temperature at the furnace outlet experienced an obvious increase at the beginning of the co-combustion, while no significant fluctuations under stable working conditions. Compared with the fuel coal,there was no significant differences in the loss of ignition of the fly ash and slag in the co-combustion scenario.The contribution of dioxin-like POPs were dominated by OCDD in both scenarios. However, due to the migration and difficult volatilization of heavy metals in wax residue, the contents of chromium, manganese and copper were slightly increased in the co-combustion scenario. The results of this study can provide a theoretical reference for the feasible resource utilization of wax residue by means of CFB boiler co-combustion for power generation.

关 键 词：固废利用 渣蜡 CFB 煤制油 危险废物 二恶英 持久性有机污染物 

分 类 号：X32[环境科学与工程—环境工程]