西部某油田运营期地下水污染模拟研究  

Simulation Study on Groundwater Pollution During Operation Period of an Oilfield in Western China

作　　者：兰斐 范阅 彭邦洲 LAN Fei;FAN Yue;PENG Bangzhou(Qingdao China Petroleum Geotechnical Engineering Co.,Ltd.;Special Technology Oil Production Operation Area of No.1 Oil Production Plant,Xinjiang Oilfield Company)

机构地区：[1]青岛中油岩土工程有限公司,青岛市266000 [2]新疆油田公司采油一厂特种技术采油作业区

出　　处：《油气田地面工程》2023年第2期30-35,共6页Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering

摘　　要：为了研究油井中地下水污染物在地下含水层向下游迁移的规律,更精确地对污染防控提出要求,以西部某油田为研究对象,基于现场水文地质条件,运用GMS建立了地下水流概念模型和数值模型以及溶质运移数值模型,模拟了持续性少量泄漏工况下,固定时间、不同距离情况下及固定距离、不同时间情况下石油类污染物的运移距离和污染晕的扩散情况,进而针对石油类污染物对地下水可能造成的影响进行了评价。研究结果表明:在油井石油类污染物持续泄漏的工况下,泄漏点下游距离最近的保护目标(BH-10集中式饮用水水源井)在预测时段(20年)内很难受到影响,石油类污染物在泄漏时对地下水环境的影响较小。建议在油井下游按照规范要求做好地下水污染的长期监测工作,一旦发生地下水污染事故,应立即启动应急预案,将损失控制在最低限度。In order to study the law of downstream migration of groundwater pollutants in oil wells in groundwater aquifers,and to put forward precise requirements for pollution prevention and control,taking an oilfield in Western China as the research object,based on the on-site hydrogeological conditions,GMS is used to establish a conceptual model,a numerical model,and a numerical model of solute transport of groundwater flow.Under the condition of small amount of continuous leakage,fixed time and different distances,and fixed distance and different time,the migration distance of petroleum pollutants and the spread of pollution halo are simulated,and then the possible impact of petroleum pollutants on groundwater is evaluated.The research results show that under the continuous leakage of petroleum pollutants from oil wells,the protection target(BH-10 centralized drinking water source well)closest to the downstream of the leakage point is difficult to be affected within the predicted period(20 years).Petroleum pollutants have little impact on groundwater environment during leakage.It is recommended that the long-term monitoring of groundwater pollution should be done in the downstream of the oil well in accordance with the requirements of the specification.Once a groundwater pollution accident occurs,an emergency plan should be activated immediately to keep the loss to a minimum.

关 键 词：地下水污染 石油类污染物 地下水保护 溶质运移 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]