中国天然气产业链优化的思路与建议  

Ideas and Suggestions on Optimization of Natural Gas Industry in China

作　　者：孙慧[1] 杨雷[1] 都兴恺 SUN Hui;YANG Lei;DU Xingkai(Institute of Energy,Peking University;PipeChina Construction Project Management Branch)

机构地区：[1]北京大学能源研究院 [2]国家石油天然气管网集团建设项目管理分公司

出　　处：《油气与新能源》2023年第1期1-7,16,共8页Petroleum and new energy

摘　　要：天然气作为消费增长最快的化石能源,其产业链平衡有序发展对加快中国实现“碳中和”目标,优化能源消费结构发挥着重要作用。以天然气产业上中下游整个产业链为研究对象,综合应用产业组织理论和市场体系理论分析方法,从商品市场结构、主要制度规则、市场监管3个方面梳理了天然气发展现状,分析了天然气产业链优化需重点解决的主要问题,并提出了相关建议。认为中国天然气产业链优化需合理解决上游勘探开发放开与天然气保供之间的节奏问题,天然气价格机制构建与行业竞争力之间的共鸣问题,天然气近期规模增长与远期降碳之间的协同问题。建议深化改革,加快促进天然气供应主体多元化;创新驱动,稳步推进价格改革与市场化发展;主动作为,建立健全天然气监管体系;战略思维,科学谋划天然气转型升级。As the fastest growing fossil energy consumption,the balanced and orderly development of natural gas industry chain plays an important role in accelerating China’s goal of carbon neutrality and optimizing energy consumption structure.Taking the whole industrial chain of the upper,middle and lower reaches of the natural gas industry as the research object,this paper comprehensively applies the analysis methods of industrial organization theory and market system theory,combs the current situation of natural gas development from three aspects:commodity market structure,main institutional rules and market supervision,analyzes the main problems to be solved in the optimization of natural gas industry chain,and puts forward relevant suggestions.It is believed that the optimization of China’s natural gas industry chain needs to reasonably solve the rhythm problem between the opening of upstream exploration and development and the supply of natural gas,the resonance problem between the construction of natural gas price mechanism and the competitiveness of the industry,and the coordination problem between the recent scale growth of natural gas and the long-term carbon reduction.Moreover,it is suggested we should deepen reform and facilitate the diversification of natural gas supply subjects;seek innovation-driven development and improve price reform and market development in a steady manner;make positive efforts to establish and improve the natural gas supervision system;and pursue strategic thinking so as to promote the transformation and upgrading of natural gas.

关 键 词：天然气 产业链 改革 优化 

分 类 号：TE-9[石油与天然气工程]