苏尼特羔羊褐色脂肪鉴定及特征研究  

Identification and Characterization of Brown Adipose Tissue in Sonid Lambs

作　　者：方勤圆 付绍印 王标 何小龙 何江峰 王力伟 陈欣 张林 王大清 张立岭 刘永斌[1] FANG Qinyuan;FU Shaoyin;WANG Biao;HE Xiaolong;HE Jiangfeng;WANG Liwei;CHEN Xin;ZHANG Lin;WANG Daqing;ZHANG Liling;LIU Yongbin(School of Life Sciences,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,呼和浩特010021 [2]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2023年第2期563-571,共9页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2020ZD0003;2021ZD0024);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2019GG349;2021GG0443);内蒙古自治区科技兴蒙重点专项(NMKJXM202110);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2021LHMS03015);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-38)。

摘　　要：哺乳动物脂肪组织主要可以分为白色脂肪组织和褐色脂肪组织,无论细胞形态还是功能,褐色脂肪与白色脂肪都有较大差别。褐色脂肪在哺乳动物产热以及能量平衡方面发挥着重要作用。为探究绵羊褐色脂肪分布特点,本研究采集了出生1、7和30 d苏尼特羊的肾周、颈部、背部、尾部、胸部、腹股沟和心包脂肪,通过HE染色、透射电镜和免疫组织化学鉴定脂肪组织类型,并通过实时荧光定量PCR和Western blot探究苏尼特羔羊不同日龄以及不同部位褐色脂肪的特点。结果发现,苏尼特羔羊体内存在两种不同类型的脂肪细胞,多室小脂滴的褐色脂肪细胞和空泡状脂滴的白色脂肪细胞。褐色脂肪细胞内有嵴的线粒体较多,并检测到褐色脂肪组织特异性蛋白UCP1的表达。而白色脂肪细胞内很少有带规则嵴的线粒体,不表达UCP1。出生1和7 d时褐色脂肪细胞数量及UCP1表达无显著差异,但出生30 d时明显下降。本研究通过形态学观察和标记基因以及蛋白检测鉴定了苏尼特羔羊的褐色脂肪和白色脂肪,证明了肾周脂肪和尾部脂肪分别是褐色脂肪以及白色脂肪的主要来源部位。出生1和7 d时苏尼特羔羊体内褐色脂肪较多,出生30 d时褐色脂肪的表型变化较大,呈现下降的趋势。本文探究了苏尼特羔羊褐色脂肪的特点,为反刍动物褐色脂肪研究提供了一定的基础。Adipose tissue of mammals can be divided into white adipose tissue and brown adipose tissue. Brown adipose tissue and white adipose tissue are different in cell morphology and function, which play an important role in heat production and energy balance in mammals. In order to investigate the distribution characteristics of brown adipose tissue in sheep, perirenal fat, cervical fat, dorsal fat, tail fat, sternal fat, inguinal fat and pericardial fat of Sonid lamb at the 1 day, 7 day and 30 day after birth were collected. Different fat types were identified by HE staining, transmission electron microscope and immunohistochemical;And the characteristics of brown adipose tissue at different parts and different ages of Sonid lambs were explored by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blot. The results showed that there were two different types adipocytes in Sonid lambs, brown adipocytes with small lipid droplets and white adipocytes with vacuolar lipid droplets. There were more mitochondria with cristae in brown adipocytes, and the expression of brown adipose tissue-specific protein UCP1 was detected. White adipocytes, on the other hand, had few mitochondria with regular cristae and did not express UCP1. Brown adipocyte numbers and UCP1 expression were not significantly different at 1 and 7 days of age, and decreased significantly at 30 days of age. In this study, the brown fat and white fat of Sonid lambs were identified by morphological observation, marker gene and protein detection, and it was proved that perirenal fat and tail fat were the main sources of brown fat and white fat, respectively. Sonid lambs had more brown fat at 1 and 7 days of age, and the phenotypic changes of brown fat at 30 days of birth showed a decreasing trend. The current study explored the characteristics of brown fat in Sonid lamb, and provided a certain basis for the study of brown fat in ruminants.

关 键 词：苏尼特羔羊 褐色脂肪 分布特点 UCP1 

分 类 号：S826.8[农业科学—畜牧学]