桑叶提取物对断奶仔猪粪便中主要微生物数量和臭气物质生成的影响  

Effects of Mulberry Leaf Extract on Number of Main Microbes and Production of Odorous Substances in Feces of Weaned Piglets

作　　者：宋敏 王超普 崔艺燕 邓盾 余苗 刘志昌 田志梅 容庭 李贞明 马现永 SONG Min;WANG Chaopu;CUI Yiyan;DENG Dun;YU Miao;LIU Zhichang;TIAN Zhimei;RONG Ting;LI Zhenming;MA Xianyong(Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding,Institute of Animal Science,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;Maoming Branch,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,Maoming 525000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所,畜禽育种国家重点实验室,农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室,广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室,广东畜禽肉品质量安全控制与评定工程技术研究中心,广州510640 [2]岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室茂名分中心,茂名525000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第2期823-833,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：广东省农业科学院低碳农业与碳中和研究中心(XTXM202204);广东省现代农业产业技术体系饲料创新团队项目(2022KJ115);广东省农业科学院农业优势产业科学团队建设项目(202118TD);省级农业科技创新推广及农业资源与生态环境保护建设项目(2021KJ266);科技创新战略专项资金(高水平农科院建设)——杰出人才(R2020PY-JC001)和优秀博士(R2020YJ-YB2002);广东省农村科技特派员项目(KTP20210008);茂名实验室科研启动项目(2021TDQD002)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加桑叶提取物(MLE)对断奶仔猪粪便中主要微生物数量和臭气物质生成的影响。试验选取48头健康且初始体重[(8.287±0.141)kg]相近的“杜×长×大”三元杂交去势断奶仔猪,按体重随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复4头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,MLE组饲喂基础饲粮+0.1%的MLE。试验期28 d。试验期最后3 d(第26~28天),采集断奶仔猪的新鲜粪便,检测其主要微生物数量和臭气物质含量。结果表明,与对照组相比:1)MLE组粪便中乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌数量显著提高(P<0.05),粪便中大肠杆菌数量显著降低(P<0.05);2)MLE组粪便中乳酸、丁酸、戊酸以及总挥发性脂肪酸含量显著提高(P<0.05),粪便中乙酸、丙酸含量有升高的趋势(0.05≤P<0.10),粪便pH则有降低的趋势(0.05≤P<0.10);3)MLE组粪便中氨态氮(NH3-N)含量有降低的趋势(P=0.056);4)MLE组粪便中对甲酚含量显著降低(P<0.05),粪便中吲哚和粪臭素含量有降低的趋势(0.05≤P<0.10);5)MLE组粪便中尸胺、腐胺、组胺、色胺、酪胺和总生物胺含量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加0.1%的MLE能够增加断奶仔猪粪便中碳水合物降解菌乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量,减少含氮化合物降解菌大肠杆菌的数量,从而提高粪便中乳酸及挥发性脂肪酸等有益代谢物的含量,减少NH3-N、生物胺、吲哚和粪臭素等臭气物质的生成和排放。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of mulberry leaf extract(MLE)supplementation on the number of main microbes and the production of odorous substances in feces of weaned piglets.Forty-eight healthy Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire cross-bred castrated weaned piglets with a similar initial body weight of(8.287±0.141)kg were randomly divided into 2 groups according to the body weight with 6 replicates per group and 4 piglets in each replicate.Piglets in the control group were fed a basal diet,and those in the MLE group were fed the basal diet+0.1%MLE.The experiment lasted for 28 days.During the last three days of the experiment(days 26 to 28),the fresh feces of weaned piglets were collected to detect the number of main microbes and the contents of odorous substances.The results showed as follows,compared with the control group:1)the numbers of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in feces in the MLE group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the Escherichia coli number in feces was significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)The contents of lactate,butyrate,valerate and total volatile fatty acid in feces in the MLE group were significantly increased(P<0.05),the contents of acetate and propionate in feces tended to be increased(0.05≤P<0.10),and the fecal pH had a tendency to decrease(0.05≤P<0.10).3)The ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N)content in feces in the MLE group tended to be decreased(P=0.056).4)The p-cresol content in feces in the MLE group was significantly reduced(P<0.05),and the contents of indole and skatole in feces tended to be reduced(0.05≤P<0.10).5)The contents of cadaverine,putrescine,histamine,tryptamine,tyramine and total biogenic amine in feces in the MLE group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).In conclusion,0.1%MLE supplementation can increase the number of carbon hydrate degrading bacteria as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium,and reduce the number of nitrogen compound degrading bacteria as Escherichia coli,thus increasing the contents of beneficial metabolites such as lactate and volatil

关 键 词：桑叶提取物 断奶仔猪 臭气物质 粪便微生物 微生物代谢 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]