柠条发酵饲料对宁夏滩羊生长性能及瘤胃微生物区系的影响  

Effects of Caragana Fermented Feed on Growth Performance and Rumen Flora of Ningxia Tan Sheep

作　　者：王锦 张连全 王文亮 赵正伟 马青 温学飞[3] WANG Jin;ZHANG Lianquan;WANG Wenliang;ZHAO Zhengwei;MA Qing;WEN Xuefei(Institute of Animal Science,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Science,Yinchuan 750000,China;Ningxia Shuomu Yanchi Tan Sheep Breeding Co.,Ltd.,Wuzhong 751100,China;Institute of Desertification Control,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院动物科学研究所,银川750000 [2]宁夏朔牧盐池滩羊繁育有限公司,吴忠751100 [3]宁夏农林科学院荒漠化治理研究所,银川750000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第2期1035-1045,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区农业科技自主创新专项“柠条生物发酵饲料加工关键技术研究”(NKYG-19-02);滩羊肉裘兼用品系选育(2018NYYZ04);2019年自治区青年拔尖人才培养工程;宁夏回族自治区农业科技自主创新资金——滩羊乳羔羊精准育肥技术研究(NGSB-2021-12-08)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究柠条发酵饲料对宁夏滩羊生长性能及瘤胃微生物区系的影响,探讨柠条发酵饲料在滩羊饲粮中适宜添加比例。选择健康、体重[(24.42±1.53)kg]相近的断奶滩羊公羔羊60只,按体重随机分为4个组,每组15只羊。对照组饲喂100%柠条饲料,试验1组饲喂75%柠条饲料+25%柠条发酵饲料,试验2组饲喂50%柠条饲料+50%柠条发酵饲料,试验3组饲喂25%柠条饲料+75%柠条发酵饲料。结果表明:1)试验2组的终末体重、平均日增重最高,显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2)试验组的操作分类单元(OTU)数目均低于对照组,OTU数目顺序为对照组>试验3组>试验2组>试验1组。3)各组间ACE、Chao1、Shannon和Simpson指数差异不显著(P>0.05),其中试验2组的ACE和Chao1指数略高于对照组。4)门水平上,与对照组相比,试验1组滩羊瘤胃液中变形菌门的相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),厚壁菌门和Patescibacteria的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05);试验2组滩羊瘤胃液中厚壁菌门的相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),Patescibacteria和变形菌门的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05);试验3组滩羊瘤胃液中变形菌门相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05),拟杆菌门的相对丰度有提高的趋势,与其他各组差异不显著(P>0.05)。5)属水平上,与对照组相比,试验1组滩羊瘤胃液中巨球形菌属和琥珀酸弧菌属的相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),瘤胃球菌属、uncultured_bacterium_f_Muribaculaceae和普雷沃菌科UCG_001的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05);试验2组瘤胃液中解琥珀酸菌属和普雷沃菌属_1的相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),其余菌属相对丰度有升高或者降低的趋势,但差异都不显著(P>0.05);试验3组瘤胃液中普雷沃菌科UCG-001和瘤胃球菌属的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05),其余菌属相对丰度有升高或者降低的趋势,但差异都不显著(P>0.05)。综上可见,饲粮中添加柠条发酵饲料虽然不能提高滩羊菌群多样性,但可以显著增加厚壁菌门、�The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of caragana fermented feed on the growth performance and rumen flora of Ningxia Tan sheep,and to explore the appropriate addition ratio of caragana fermented feed in Tan sheep diet.A total of 60 healthy weaned Tan lambs with similar weight of(24.42±1.53)kg were randomly divided into 4 groups,with 15 lambs in each group.The control group was fed 100%caragana feed;trial group 1 was fed 75%caragana feed+25%caragana fermented feed;trial group 2 was fed 50%caragana feed+50%caragana fermented feed;trial groups 3 were fed 25%caragana feed+75%caragana fermented feed.The results showed as follows:1)the final body weight and average daily gain in trail group 2 were the highest,which were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05).2)The number of operation classification units(OTUs)in the trail groups was lower than that in the control group,the order of the number of OTUs was control group>trail group 3>trail group 2>trail group 1.3)There was no significant difference in ACE,Chao1,Shannon and Simpson indexes among trail groups(P>0.05).Among them,the ACE and Chao1 indexes in the trail group 2 were slightly higher than those in the control group.4)At phylum level,compared with the control group,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in rumen fluid of Tan sheep in trail group 1 was significantly increased(P<0.05),the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Patescibacteria decreased significantly(P<0.05);the relative abundance of Firmicutes in rumen fluid of Tan sheep in trail group 2 was significantly increased(P<0.05),the relative abundance of Patescibacterium and Proteobacteria decreased significantly(P<0.05);the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in rumen fluid of Tan sheep in the trail group 3 was significantly increased(P<0.05),the relative abundance of Bacteroides tended to increase,and there was no significant difference compared with other groups(P>0.05).5)At the genus level,compared with the control group,the relative abundance of Macroglobus and

关 键 词：柠条发酵饲料 滩羊 菌群多样性 

分 类 号：S826[农业科学—畜牧学]