开食料中玉米加工方式对羔羊血清生化指标和瘤胃代谢组的影响  

Effects of Starters with Different Processed Corn on Serum Biochemical Parameters and Rumen Metabolome of Lambs

作　　者：杨瑞鑫 李勇[1,2] 蔡小芳 韩铖星 郭艳丽 YANG Ruixin;LI Yong;CAI Xiaofang;HAN Chengxing;GUO Yanli(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Animal Husbandry Engineering,Henan Vocational College of Agriculture,Zhengzhou 451450,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,兰州730070 [2]河南农业职业学院牧业工程学院,郑州451450

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第2期1092-1102,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860654)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究含不同加工方式玉米(粉碎玉米和蒸汽压片玉米)的2种开食料对羔羊血清生化指标和瘤胃代谢组的影响。选取24只体重相近的8日龄湖羊公羔24只,随机分为2组(每组12只),分别饲喂含粉碎玉米和蒸汽压片玉米的开食料。每组分别在断奶前(21日龄)、后(42日龄)随机选取6只羔羊,采血(每组6个样本)测定血清生化指标,随后屠宰收集瘤胃内容物(断奶前每组5个样本,断奶后每组6个样本),采用液相色谱-质谱联用技术进行代谢组学分析,并结合主成分分析和偏最小二乘判别分析,以变量投影重要度(VIP)>1.0、差异倍数(FC)>2或FC<0.5且P<0.05为标准筛选2组羔羊瘤胃内的差异代谢物,用KEGG数据库研究差异代谢物的功能和代谢通路,以P<0.05作为关键代谢通路的判别标准。结果显示:蒸汽压片玉米组羔羊血清中尿素氮和β-羟丁酸的浓度在断奶前、后均显著高于粉碎玉米组(P<0.05)。2组羔羊在断奶前、后共有862个代谢物发生显著变化(P<0.05),蒸汽压片玉米组分别有458(高于)和404个(低于)代谢物的相对浓度与粉碎玉米组显著不同(P<0.05);共有12条代谢通路(断奶前:味觉传导,cAMP信号通路,α-亚麻酸代谢途径,氨酰-tRNA生物合成,ABC转运蛋白,精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢,丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢,组氨酸代谢;断奶后:细胞色素P450对外源性药物代谢,磷酸盐和亚磷酸盐代谢,FcεRI信号通路和萜类化合物主链的生物合成)发生显著变化(P<0.05)。综上所述,与含粉碎玉米的开食料相比,含蒸汽压片玉米的开食料增加了羔羊血清中尿素氮和β-羟丁酸的浓度,改变了瘤胃内氨基酸、必需脂肪酸及能量等代谢物的相对浓度及其相关代谢通路,这可能是其促进瘤胃发育的重要原因。The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of two starters with different processed corn[ground corn(GC)and steam-flaked corn(SFC)]on serum biochemical parameters and rumen metabolome of lambs.Twenty-four 8-day-old Hu sheep male lambs with similar body weight were randomly divided into two groups with 12 lambs per group,and they fed starters with GC and SFC,respectively.Lambs were randomly selected from each group pre-(21 days of age)and post-weaning(42 days of age)for collecting blood samples(six samples per group)and rumen contents(five samples per group pre-weaning and six samples per group post-weaning).Metabonomics analysis was carried out by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,combined with principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis,and variable importance in projection(VIP)>1.0,fold change(FC)>2 or FC<0.5 and P<0.05 were used as criteria to screen the rumen differential metabolites of two groups of lambs.KEGG database was used to analyze the metabolic pathways and functions of differential metabolites,P<0.05 was the criteria for key metabolic pathways.The results showed that the concentrations of serum urea nitrogen andβ-hydroxybutyric acid of pre-and post-weaning lambs in SFC group were significantly higher than those of GC group(P<0.05).A total of 862 metabolites changed significantly(P<0.05)between the two group,and the relative concentrations of 458(higher)and 404(lower)metabolites in SFC group were significant different from those in GC group(P<0.05);significant changes occurred in 12 metabolic pathways(pre-weaning:taste transduction,cAMP signaling pathway,alpha-linolenic acid metabolism pathway,amide-tRNA biosynthesis,ABC transporter,arginine and proline metabolism,alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism,histidine metabolism;post-weaning:metabolism of xenobiotics cytochrome P450,phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism,Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis)(P<0.05).In conclusion,starter with SFC increases the concentra

关 键 词：玉米加工方式 开食料 羔羊 血清生化指标 瘤胃 代谢组学 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]