典型农药制造企业废气污染物排放特征及风险评估  

Emission Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Gas Pollutants in Typical Pesticide Manufacturing Enterprises

作　　者：翟增秀 肖咸德 孟洁 王静 杨伟华 李伟芳 ZHAI Zeng-xiu;XIAO Xian-de;MENG Jie;WANG Jing;YANG Wei-hua;LI Wei-fang(Tianjin Academy of Ecological and Environmental Sciences,Tianjin 300191,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control,Tianjin 300191,China;Tianjin Sinodor Environmental Science and Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300191,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市生态环境科学研究院,天津300191 [2]国家环境保护恶臭污染控制重点实验室,天津300191 [3]天津迪兰奥特环保科技开发有限公司,天津300191

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第2期730-739,共10页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1806101)。

摘　　要：选取2家典型农药制造企业为研究对象,探究农药制造行业废气排放特征、环境影响和人体健康风险.结果表明,不同企业由于产品、生产环节的不同产生的污染物存在一定差异,A企业污染物以氨、含氧有机物和卤代烃为主,B企业污染物以卤代烃为主.臭氧生成潜势(OFP)范围在1.96~107.24 mg·m^(-3)之间,二次有机气溶胶生成潜势(SOAFP)范围为0.94~74.72 mg·m^(-3),对OFP和SOAFP贡献较大为含氧有机物、芳香烃和卤代烃.农药企业恶臭物质较为复杂,主要恶臭物质涵盖了硫化物、含氧有机物、含氮化合物和芳香烃.农药企业所有排气筒废气的LCR均高于10^(-6),存在一定的致癌风险,A企业LCR范围为4.10×10^(-6)~5.34×10^(-3)之间,B企业LCR范围在1.23×10^(-3)~4.35×10^(-1)之间,卤代烃,特别是1,2-二氯乙烷是农药企业主要的致癌风险物质,需要企业加以重视.In order to explore the characteristics of exhaust gas emissions,environmental impact,and human health risks in the pesticide manufacturing industry,two typical pesticide manufacturing enterprises were selected as the research objects,and samples were collected and analyzed for all exhaust pipes of each enterprise.The following results were noted:there were certain differences in the pollutants produced by different enterprises due to different products and production links.The main pollutants in enterprise A were ammonia and VOCs.The concentration of ammonia in enterprise A ranged from 0 to 847.83 mg·m^(-3),and the concentration of VOCs ranged from 4.21 to 91.68 mg·m^(-3).The main pollutants in enterprise B were VOCs,and the concentration of VOCs ranged from 3.37 to 197.30 mg·m^(-3).The ozone formation potential(OFP) ranged from 1.96 to 107.24 mg·m^(-3).Substances that required further attention in terms of ozone formation potential:enterprise A mainly included ethanol,methanol,toluene,xylene,and other substances;enterprise B mainly included 1,1-dichloroethylene,1,2-dichloroethane,toluene,methylal,and other substances.The secondary organic aerosol formation potential(SOAFP) ranged from 0.94 to 74.72 mg·m^(-3).The main contributors to the secondary organic aerosol formation potential were aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing organics.In addition,ammonia also required additional attention.The odorous substances in pesticide enterprises were more complex,and there were differences in the exhaust pipes of different enterprises and different production links of the same enterprise.There were certain health risks in the gas pollutants of pesticide enterprises.The main carcinogens were 1,2-dichloroethane,trichloroethylene,tetrachloroethylene,methyl chloride,and benzene.In addition,pyridine and hexachloroethane had certain non-carcinogenic risks in pesticide production enterprises.

关 键 词：农药制造 排放特征 臭氧生成潜势(OFP) 二次有机气溶胶(SOA) 恶臭 健康风险 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4