鄱阳湖流域生态环境动态评估及驱动因子分析  

Dynamic Monitoring and Driving Factors Analysis of Ecological Environment Quality in Poyang Lake Basin

作　　者：田智慧[1,2] 尹传鑫 王晓蕾[1,2] TIAN Zhi-hui;YIN Chuan-xin;WANG Xiao-lei(School of Earth Sciences and Technology,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Joint Laboratory of Eco-meteorology,Zhengzhou University-Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学地球科学与技术学院,郑州450000 [2]郑州大学中国气象科学研究院郑州大学生态气象联合实验室,郑州450000

出　　处：《环境科学》2023年第2期816-827,共12页Environmental Science

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金项目(212300410292);河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)项目(212102210137);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(21A420006)。

摘　　要：鄱阳湖流域生态环境是我国南方地区生态文明建设的重要组成部分.基于Landsat卫星遥感影像,利用主成分分析方法构建遥感生态指数(RSEI)作为生态环境质量评价指标,引入地理探测器模型定量剖析不同影响因素对生态环境空间分异性的影响,分析鄱阳湖流域1990~2020年生态环境质量变化及不同驱动因子的影响程度.结果表明:(1)流域内生态环境质量存在明显的区域性差异,生态质量等级为差和较差地区主要分布在流域中北部的低海拔平原与台地,质量等级为优和良地区主要分布在流域西南部的丘陵山地区域;(2)近30年鄱阳湖流域生态环境整体呈改善趋势,改善地区主要位于低海拔平原区域;(3)人口密度是鄱阳湖流域生态环境质量变化中驱动力最大的影响因子,与城市化发展密切相关的夜间灯光指数因子q值多年来呈升高趋势,鄱阳湖流域生态环境质量受城市化发展的影响越来越大.结果可为鄱阳湖流域生态环境保护工作提供理论依据.The ecological environment of Poyang Lake basin is an important part of the construction of ecological civilizations in the south of China.Based on the Landsat satellite remote sensing images,using the principal component analysis(PCA) method to construct the remote sensing ecological index(RSEI) as an evaluation index of ecological environment quality,introducing the Geodetector model to quantitatively detect the explanatory power of different influencing factors on the spatial divergence of the ecological environment,and exploring the changes in ecological environment quality in the Poyang Lake basin from 1990 to 2020 and the impact of different driving factors.The results of the study showed that there were obvious regional differences in the ecological environment quality in the basin.The areas with bad and poor ecological quality were mainly distributed in the central and northern plains;the areas with high and good quality grades were mainly distributed in the hilly and mountainous region of the southwestern part of the basin;the overall ecological environment of the Poyang Lake basin has been improving over the past 30 years;and the improved areas were mainly distributed in low-altitude areas.Geodetector results showed that population density was the factor with the highest explanatory power for the spatial divergence of ecological environment quality in the Poyang Lake basin.Among different natural factors,topographic factors(slope,aspect) had a higher driving force than meteorological factors(temperature,precipitation).The night light index factor showed an increasing yearly trend,indicating that the ecological environment quality of the Poyang Lake basin was gradually increased due to the influence of urbanization development.The construction of the RSEI model based on Google Earth Engine could not only effectively ensure the accuracy of ecological environment quality evaluation in different years but could also quickly realize image preprocessing and index calculations,which greatly improved the effici

关 键 词：生态环境质量 遥感生态指数(RSEI) 地理探测器 GEE平台 鄱阳湖流域 

分 类 号：X87[环境科学与工程—环境工程]