核电厂破口事故后喷射压力计算和工况选取研究  

Research on Break Jet Pressure and Condition Selection of Nuclear Power Plant

作　　者：郭丹丹 向文娟 吴辉平 Guo Dandan;Xiang Wenjuan;Wu Huiping(Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research and Design Institute,Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]上海核工程研究设计院有限公司,上海200233

出　　处：《核安全》2023年第1期30-35,共6页Nuclear Safety

摘　　要：核电厂发生高能管道破口事故后会在一定区域内造成喷射,从而使得该区域内的材料破裂成碎片。本文基于ANSI/ANS 58.2的计算方法研究破口工况下的喷射流的喷射系数、喷射外形和喷射压力,从而获得不同工况下在不同距离处的喷射压力分布情况,并选取出对于安全壳内材料破裂最保守的破口工况。本文通过敏感性工况分析研究,发现自由膨胀流体在同一初始压力工况下随着过冷度的增加喷射压力也逐渐增大,因此建议选取过冷度高的工况作为喷射压力设计工况。此外,本文通过核电厂典型工况分析研究,发现需要根据实际电厂工况确定最大过冷度从而确定最大圆锥区域长度,并且核电厂计算破口喷射压力时可选取零功率工况作为破口设计工况。After high-energy pipeline break accident occurs in a nuclear power plant, it will cause jet in a certain area, which will cause the material in this area to break into debris. In this paper, based on the calculation method of ANSI/ANS 58.2, the thrust coefficient, jet shape and jet pressure of the jet under the break condition are studied, thus the jet pressure distribution at different distances under different working conditions is obtained, and the most conservative break condition for the material rupture in the containment is selected. Through the analysis and study of sensitivity conditions, it is found that the injection pressure of free expansion fluid increases gradually with the increase of sub-cooling under the same initial pressure condition,so it is suggested that the working condition with high sub-cooling should be selected as the design condition of jet pressure. In addition, through the analysis and study of the typical working conditions of the nuclear power plant, it is found that it is necessary to determine the maximum sub-cooling according to the actual working conditions of the nuclear power plant so as to determine the length of the maximum jet core. and zero power condition can be selected as the break design condition when calculating the break jet pressure of the nuclear power plant.

关 键 词：喷射系数 喷射外形 喷射压力 过冷度 圆锥区域 

分 类 号：TL334[核科学技术—核技术及应用]