废旧纺织品的资源化循环再生利用研究进展  

Research progress on resource recycling and reusing of waste textiles

作　　者：黄智宇 邢桐贺 何安南 骆宇新 张玉 翟丽莎 梅帆 梁子辉 刘欣[1] 余臻伟 徐卫林[1] 陈凤翔[1] Zhiyu Huang;Tonghe Xing;Annan He;Yuxin Luo;Yu Zhang;Lisha Zhai;Fan Mei;Zihui Liang;Xin Liu;Zhenwei Yu;Weilin Xu;Fengxiang Chen(Hubei Key Laboratory of Digital Textile Equipment,State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China;College of Textiles and Clothing,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China;Fiber Inspection Bureau of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430060,China;Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学省部共建纺织新材料与先进加工技术国家重点实验室,湖北省数字化纺织装备重点实验室,武汉430200 [2]青岛大学纺织服装学院,青岛266071 [3]湖北省纤维检验局,武汉430060 [4]中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院,深圳518055

出　　处：《科学通报》2023年第2期188-203,共16页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51903008);湖北省教育厅科学研究计划(D20211703);生物多糖纤维成型与生态纺织国家重点实验室开放课题(KF2020105);现代丝绸国家工程实验室开放课题(SDGC2148)资助。

摘　　要：随着社会的快速发展和人民生活水平的显著提高,人们对穿着时尚化的需求使纺织品的更新换代愈加频繁、新型纺织品生命周期也越来越短,这产生了大量的废旧纺织品.同时,由于技术与经济瓶颈,我国废旧纺织品再生行业产业链亟待完善,使大量的废旧纺织品无法进行资源化利用,给环境带来了巨大的压力,也给人类健康带来了巨大隐患.基于此,本文回顾了废旧纤维制品的最新研究进展,总结其特点,指出废旧纺织品回收行业所面临的技术壁垒,并从废旧纺织品回收的安全性、高效性、可持续性和规范性方面进行展望,为进一步践行绿色发展理念,推进废旧纺织品的循环再生而努力,以期推动纺织品的转型升级.With the rapid development of society and significant improvement of civil living standards,the increasing demand in fashionable clothing for human beings facilitates the renewal of textiles and shortens the lifespan of new textiles.Further,the disposable medical textiles are heavily used,that result in a large accumulation of waste textiles,giving rise to cause urban pollution.Unfortunately,there is still a technical bottleneck of industrial chain for the recycling of wasted textiles in China.Large number of textile wastes are unable to reuse efficiently,which becomes a big threat for the environmental protection and human health.Especially,the microfiber pollution is of a great obstacle for the sustainable development of economy and society.Based on this,this paper reviews the latest research progress in the recycling of wastes of common natural and synthetic fiber products,including cotton,silk,polyester,polyolefin,nylon fiber,aramid,and carbon fiber.The recycling treatment techniques for different wastes and the diverse recycled products are distinguished and elaborated,respectively.The main recycling technology for the wastes of cotton,protein,polyester,and other textiles is solvent method.That is,the wasters are dissolved in suitable solvents firstly and then the fresh fibers or membranes are regenerated from the resulting solutions via wet spinning,dry spray wet spinning or spin coating processes.While for aramid or carbon fibers,which often act as fillers in resin,their recycling can be achievable by using pyrolysis or solvent methods,upon which the resin matrix should be removed as much as possible without damaging the fibers.Except chemical recycling methods,physically-mechanical recycling methods are also widely promoted.For instance,wasted natural fibers can be reformed into nonwoven fabrics for the application of heat and sound insulation.The wastes of synthetic fibers can be sliced and pelletized,which further used as reinforcement filler for construction materials.Furthermore,in order to make effor

关 键 词：废旧纺织品 微塑料纤维 回收再利用 功能化 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]