面向6G的太赫兹光纤一体融合通信系统:架构、关键技术与验证  

6G-oriented ultra-wideband fiber-THz-fiber seamless converged communication system:architecture,key techniques and verification

作　　者：朱敏 张教 华炳昌 雷明政 蔡沅成 田亮 王东明[1,2] 许威 张川[1,2] 黄永明 余建军 尤肖虎 Min ZHU;Jiao ZHANG;Bingchang HUA;Mingzheng LEI;Yuancheng CAI;Liang TIAN;Dongming WANG;Wei XU;Chuan ZHANG;Yongming HUANG;Jianjun YU;Xiaohu YOU(National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory,School of Information Science and Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China;Purple Mountain Laboratories,Nanjing 211111,China;Peng Cheng Laboratory,Shenzhen 518000,China;Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学移动通信国家重点实验室,南京210096 [2]紫金山实验室,南京211111 [3]鹏城实验室,上海200433 [4]复旦大学电磁波信息科学教育部重点实验室,深圳518000

出　　处：《中国科学：信息科学》2023年第1期191-210,共20页Scientia Sinica(Informationis)

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(批准号:2020YFB1807205,2020YFB1806600);鹏城实验室重点项目(批准号:PCL2021A01-2)资助。

摘　　要：太赫兹通信被普遍认为是未来6G移动通信系统的核心组成部分.通过对国内外太赫兹无线通信系统中太赫兹上变频与下变频主要技术路线进行分析与对比,本文提出了一种超宽带太赫兹光纤一体融合实时系统新型架构,借助于商业成熟的数字相干光模块(digital coherent optics,DCO),解决超高容量6G太赫兹实时无线通信难题.该架构系统性融合双偏振光子上变频太赫兹产生和光电混合下变频太赫兹接收技术,解决“光纤–太赫兹–光纤”无缝融合的应用难题.考虑到光电器件带宽受限,利用超宽带太赫兹信号多维调制技术,提升频谱效率和传输容量.针对复杂时变的太赫兹光纤混合信道,提出基于深度神经网络(deep neural network,DNN)的智能非线性联合补偿技术,有效解决太赫兹光纤混合信道信噪比受限问题.基于上述架构和关键技术,完成了世界上首个360~430 GHz光子太赫兹100/200 GbE实时无线传输通信实验,创造了目前世界上太赫兹无线通信的最高实时传输纪录,通信速率较5G提升10~20倍.本文提出的技术方案可实现与高速光纤网络的无缝融合,在太赫兹与光信号之间平滑转换,且能够充分复用商用化DCO,兼容IEEE 802.3和ITU-T G.798物理层传输协议,显著降低研发技术门槛和成本,大大加速6G太赫兹技术商用化进程.本文还从大容量、长距离和集成化等方面,对太赫兹光纤一体融合通信系统的未来发展方向及关键技术进行展望.Terahertz(THz) communication is widely regarded as a key component of the future 6G mobile communication system.This paper proposes a novel ultra-wideband fiber-THz-fiber seamless converged realtime architecture that fully exploits the commercially mature digital coherent optical module(DCO) to realize ultra-high capacity THz real-time wireless communication by conducting a comparative analysis for some of the main existing technical routes of THz up-and down-conversion in THz wireless communication systems.(1) The proposed architecture employs the techniques of dual-polarization photonic up-conversion for THz generation and hybrid optoelectronic down-conversion for THz reception,respectively,to enable seamless integration of optical fiber and THz communications.(2) Due to the limited bandwidth of the optoelectronic devices,multi-dimensional modulation techniques are adopted for ultra-wideband terahertz signals to improve the spectral efficiency and transmission capacity.(3) An intelligent nonlinear joint compensation technique based on deep neural network(DNN) is proposed,which can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the time-varying hybrid fiber-THzfiber channel.Based on the above-mentioned investigations,we for the first time realize the photonics-aided record-high 100/200 GbE real-time THz wireless transmission at 360 ~ 430 GHz band,with a capacity of 10 to 20times that of 5G.The proposed fiber-THz-fiber architecture can realize the smooth conversion between high-speed THz signal and lightwave signal.Furthermore,the architecture can significantly reduce research complexity and development costs and thus greatly accelerate the commercialization of 6G THz technology by highly reusing commercial DCO modules,which is compatible with the physical layer transmission protocols such as IEEE802.3 and ITU-T G.798.Finally,this paper discusses some potential research and development directions for higher-capacity,longer-distance,and more-integrated fiber-THz-fiber seamless communication.

关 键 词：6G 太赫兹无线通信 光纤通信 一体融合 实时通信 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统]