居住建筑原型建立及被动式技术节能影响探究  

Generating Residential Building Archetypes and the Impact of Passive Energy-saving Technologies

作　　者：马远力 叶东杰 陈易[4] 邓武[1,2] 谢晶 叶一航[1] 王靖雯 MA Yuanli;YE Dongjie;CHEN Yi;DENG Wu;XIE Jing;YE Yihang;WANG Jingwen(Department of Architecture and Built Environment,University of Nottingham Ningbo China,Ningbo 315100,Zhejiang,China;The Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute,Ningbo 315048,Zhejiang,China;Department of Architecture and Art,Zhejiang Business Technology Institute,Ningbo 315100,Zhejiang,China;Department of Urban Planning and Architecture,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波诺丁汉大学建筑与建筑环境系,浙江宁波315100 [2]诺丁汉大学卓越灯塔计划(宁波)创新研究院,浙江宁波315048 [3]浙江工商职业技术学院建筑与艺术学院,浙江宁波315100 [4]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院,上海200092

出　　处：《建筑节能（中英文）》2023年第1期10-16,25,共8页Building Energy Efficiency

基　　金：慈溪市科学技术局资助项目“以节能为导向的民用建筑分类技术及相关节能措施在慈溪应用示范研究”(CN2019006);宁波市公益性科技计划项目“基于类型学的建筑分类方法在办公建筑节能改造设计中的应用”(2021S139)。

摘　　要：随着现代社会绿色环保意识的提升,绿色建筑逐渐被大众所接受。建筑类型学作为对建筑归类分组的方法体系,可以对现存建筑进行分类与整合。以浙江省慈溪市为例,以建筑层数、层面积、体型系数和外立面窗墙比为预定义变量进行聚类,最终得到8种具有代表性的居住建筑模型。在此基础上,通过对墙体的传热性能、屋顶的传热性能、窗户的传热性能、建筑气密性进行多元回归分析,得出各项节能措施对8个模型采暖、制冷除湿及总能耗的影响因子。以建筑类型学和统计学为基础,提出了一种对现有建筑存量进行“原型”建立的方法,并以敏感度为基础,提出了适用的综合能耗分析框架,所生成的模型能够应用于类似气候区的其他城市,此类方法也可被其余城市或地区所借鉴。With the increasing awareness of environmental protection in modern society, green buildings have gradually been accepted by the public. This research put forward a method to classify and integrate existing building stocks based on architectural typology. Taking Cixi City as an example, the number of building floors, floor area, shape coefficient, and window-to-wall ratio of four building facades were taken as factors for generating archetypes by clustering. As a result, eight representative residential archetypal building models were finally obtained. In addition, the influence factors of various energy-saving measures on the heating, refrigeration and dehumidification, and the total energy consumption of the eight models were obtained by a sensitivity analysis of the heat transfer performance of the wall, the roof, the window and the airtightness level. This study provided a statistical analysis method based on architectural typology and established a comprehensive framework of residential buildings, which can be applied to other cities in similar climate zones. In addition, the method can also be expanded to other cities.

关 键 词：建筑聚类 几何模型 敏感度分析 居住建筑 夏热冬冷地区 

分 类 号：TU201.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]