广西设施栽培土壤主要养分积累特征  

Characteristics of Soil Nutrient Accumulation in Facility Agriculture in Guangxi

作　　者：陈桂芬[1] 黄雁飞[1] 庞媚[2] 刘斌[1] 黄玉溢[1] 赵秀河 CHEN Guifen;HUANG Yanfei;PANG Mei;LIU Bin;HUANG Yuyi;ZHAO Xiuhe(Agricultural Resource and Environment Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China;Beihai Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Beihai,Guangxi 536000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]北海市农业科学研究所,广西北海536000

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2023年第1期10-14,共5页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：广西科技计划项目(No.桂科AB18221096;No.桂科AB 21196019);广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目(No.桂农科2020ZX03)。

摘　　要：采集广西区内不同大棚年限的设施栽培土壤及露地栽培的耕层土壤样品,分析土壤pH、水溶性盐、有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾以及全量氮、全量磷和全量钾含量的变化情况。结果表明:随着大棚年限的延长,广西设施栽培土壤酸化更明显,连续栽培10年后,土壤pH降低了0.34个单位;水溶性盐含量是露地栽培的3倍以上,且随着大棚使用年限的延长,设施土壤出现次生盐渍化的程度也越严重,以中、轻度盐渍化为主;设施栽培土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、全氮及全磷含量均显著高于露地土壤,总体上随着大棚年限的延长而逐年积累,尤其是磷元素积累增幅较大,生产中应采取适当措施控制磷肥的施用量,防止土壤中磷素过度富集而导致作物营养不均衡,从而影响作物的产量和品质。The changes in soil pH value,water-soluble salt,organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phospho-rus,available potassium,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and total potassium contents were analyzed by collecting the soil samples of facility cultivation and open field cultivation in different years in Guangxi.The results showed that soil acidifica-tion became more obvious with the extension of greenhouse years,and soil pH value decreased by 0.34 units after ten years of continuous cultivation.The water-soluble salt content was more than three times that of open field cultivation,and with the extension of greenhouse years,the secondary salinization of soil became more serious,mainly moderate and mild salinization.The facility cultivation of soil organic matter,alkali-hydro nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium,total ni-trogen,and total phosphorus content were significantly higher than the open field soil.On the whole,along with the extended length of greenhouses and accumulated year-by-year,especially phosphorus accumulation was higher than the traditional cul-tivation,and we should take appropriate measures to control the production of phosphate fertilizer seems to prevent excessive enrichment of phosphorus in the soil and crop nutrition disequilibrium,thus affecting the yield and quality of crops.

关 键 词：设施栽培 大棚 土壤 酸化 次生盐渍化 养分积累 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]